21st century literacy Essay

What is 21st century literacy? 21st century literacy is demanding a literate person that has a wide range of abilities. These abilities must be multiple and forceful. â€Å" The active, successful participants in this 21st century global society must be able to develop proficiency and fluency with the tools of technology; build intentional cross-cultural connections and relationships with others so to pose and solve problems collaboratively and strengthen independent thought; design and share information for global communities to meet a variety of purposes; manage, analyze, and synthesize multiple streams of simultaneous information; create, critique, analyze, and evaluate multimedia texts; attend to the ethical responsibilities required by these complex environments† (NCTE). This all depends on understanding the difference in media that can make up our high-tech reality and producing the skills to use them forcefully. Literacy then and now has changed a lot. History provides multiple examples of societies trying to make a connection to go into their communication infrastructures two centuries ago. Using the technologies in the past, people pursued methods by which they might be able to communicate faster, easier, and better. To this day we still look for better communication methods, only now we have countless choices, along with new gears and tactics with greater knowledge of effective communication. â€Å"Digital and visual literacies are the next wave of communication specialization. Most people will have technologies at their fingertips not only to communicate but to create, to manipulate, to design, to self-actualize†(digital dots). Kids are learning this with technology even when they don’t realize it. The lack of education is a problem and the situation is impaired in the field of education. . A common situation today is a classroom filled with digitally well-educated students being led by linear-thinking. There has been a mutual void in professional development for faculty this needs training to increase the necessary computer skills to mix technology into the curriculum effectively. Children now a day learn everything about technology and use technology every minute of the day. We have to change the way technology is used to teach learning across all departments. This change will slowly come however, without vision combined with practical, familiar goals and motivations that inspire people to grip a new digital and visual literacy skill independently and collectively. Future literacy is a thought experiment about the demise of literacy and the upcoming of other skills, capacities or tools that will effectively and advantageously displace reading and writing. Literacy is a capability we privilege above all others. It is a universal good. It is widely viewed as a prerequisite for success and personal development. By contrast, illiteracy is understood to be an impairment. 21st century is changing everything forever. Work cited â€Å"The NCTE Definition of 21st Century Literacies. † NCTE Comprehensive News. N. p. , n. d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. â€Å"Connecting the Digital Dots: Literacy of the 21st Century (EDUCAUSE Quarterly) | EDUCAUSE. edu. † Connecting the Digital Dots: Literacy of the 21st Century (EDUCAUSE Quarterly) | EDUCAUSE. edu. N. p. , n. d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.

Case Study: Lakes Automotive Essay

1. How do companies combine methodologies?  Answer: Companies combine methodologies by conducting research to determine the fastest and most cost effective method to move product and satisfy the customer; criticizing both advantages and disadvantages; asking for the opinions of the employees and managers, and/or deciding which phase the company is willing to keep. 2. How do you get employees to change work habits that have proven to be successful? Answer: In order to get employees to change work habits that have been proven to be successful, management must ensure that the new, implemented work habits are just as good and will benefit the overall longevity of the company as well as the employees of the company. 3. What influence should a customer have in redesigning a methodology that has proven to be successful? Answer: The customer should have a lot of influence in redesigning a methodology that has proven to be successful because the overall goal of any company should be to satisfy the customer. The customer is essential in generating the company’s revenue. 4. What if the customers want the existing methodologies left intact? Answer: If the customers of both companies, Lakes Automotive and Pelex Automotive Products, desire to implement the existing methodologies than the board will have to agree on a standard methodology to satisfy both parties. Therefore, combining methodologies becomes a vital option. 5. What if the customers are unhappy with the new combined methodology? Answer: If the customers are unhappy with the new combined methodology than management should revisit the most effective way to satisfy the majority of the customer base. 1. Why was it so difficult to develop a methodology?  Answer: It was difficult because the employees were not trained and was not knowledgeable on the one particular methodology. 2. Why were all three initial methodology based on policies and procedure? Answer: The three initial methodologies were based on policies and procedure, because that was the only standard that information systems, new products, and new corporate clients have in common. It was used because everyone is aware of policies and procedures and have access to references. 3. Why do you believe the organization later was willing to accept a singular methodology? Answer: It is not possible for there to be any organization or success in doing business with using three different methodologies. It had to be chaotic. Moreover, the company â€Å"had a problem deciding how to assign the right project manager to the right project.† (Kerzner, pg. 5) 4. Why was he singular methodology based on guidelines rather than policies and procedures? Answer: In the beginning the company used policies and procedures as a map for the three initial methodologies it was using, because they probably thought that was a way to have some sort of organization amongst the three methodologies. Later when the company realized the strategy was not working, they decided to use one methodology. Furthermore, since everyone is trained in the only methodology the company is now using it made sense for everyone to follow the guidelines of the methodology instead of the policy and procedure. 5. Did it make sense to have the fourth day of the training program devoted to the methodology and immediately attached to the end of the three-day program? Answer: Yes, it certainly made sense to have the fourth day devoted to training the employee on the new methodology. It is important for the employee to learn the new methodology specially since the previous strategy of using three different methodologies did not work for the company. In order for a company to be successfully all the employees should be trained, practice, and be comfortable with the company’s culture and methodology. According to the PMBOK Guide, a methodology is defined as, â€Å"A system of practices, techniques, procedures, and rules used by those who  work in a discipline,† therefore a company will have a difficult time being successful if everyone doesn’t know the methodology the company practices. 6. Why was the consultant not allowed to teach the methodology? Answer: The consultant was brought in only to train employees on project management skills, therefore, as the text implies, the consultant’s expertise is only in that subject. Moreover, the new methodology was developed internally. Since it was created internally only an internal employee could have the knowledge to train employees on the new methodology. 1. What is the critical issue?  Answer: The critical issue is that the Clark Faucet Company has a non-cooperative culture; therefore, the engineering and marketing department is not encouraged to communicate. This causes friction between the two departments and many failed project management implementations. 2. What can be done about it?  Answer: The executive council should enforce better company structure. For example, good project management practices and mandate communication between the engineering and marketing departments in order to complete task effectively and efficiently. 3. Can excellence in project management still be achieved and, if so, how? What step can you recommend? Answer: Excellence in project management may still be achieved if the project manager follows the tasks identified under the planning, execution, and closing. I would recommend the project manager keep constant communication with the stakeholder to identify risk (issues) internally and externally that will prevent the project form progressing. 4. Given the current non-cooperative culture, how long will it take to achieve a good cooperative project management culture, and even excellence? Answer: The length in changing the project management culture depends on the executive decisions and implementation process. If all employees are made  aware of change and consequences of not adapting to change than the culture should transition quickly. However, if its not encouraged or practiced than a culture transition may take a while to achieve. 7. Should a singular methodology for project management have a process for the prioritization of projects or should some committee external to the methodology accomplish this? Answer: There should be a singular methodology for project management to have a process for the prioritization of projects because as a project manager, you are responsible for the planning, execution, and closing of the project. Therefore, the prioritization falls under the planning phase, which falls under the project manager.

Recruiting and Selection Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recruiting and Selection - Research Paper Example The diversity and global nature of Best Buy business has created huge opportunities of careers in their Retail, Corporate, Best Buy Mobile, Geek Squad Services, Distribution/Logistics and Brands & Global businesses. As an example, Figure 1 lists the career opportunities available in the Retail sector: - (Best Buy, 2011) In the corporate sector as well, the opportunities are quite huge because of the dynamic policies and multi-dimensional growth in which large number of businesses are carried out by the company. This is evident from the leading brands of Best Buy as shown in Figure 2 which includes Audio Visions, The Car Phone Warehouse, Five Star Appliance, Future Shop, Geek Squad, Magnolia Home Theatre, Pacific Sales, Best Buy Mobile and Best Buy for Business. Best Buy is an advanced information technology company in which the entire process of recruitment is computerized. The job opportunities in different careers are posted on their website http://www.bestbuy-jobs.com where all the positions for which opportunities exist are listed with a powerful search option. This is also evident from Figure 1 and Figure 2 above which tells the types of designations for which positions are currently available. An intended candidate is offered a complete list of job description and on selection of the desired position and option for submission of bio-data and job application is offered. The process of selection is based on recruitment policies which are discussed in section III. (Best Buy, 2011) Another important method of recruitment is Third Party Labor. In this method, through a web portal, there is a list of Third Party Preferred Labor Providers who have approval for providing labor in the Best Buy stores. (Best Buy, 2011) The other methods that are offered include opportunities for students and entry level positions, hourly workers specially for working mothers, jobs by location and job by their

The U.K Governments Policy of Deficit Reduction Essay

The U.K Governments Policy of Deficit Reduction - Essay Example s printing money, but that too had its ill effects, such as people do not sit with such money in hand, rather they spend it, creating demand for goods and then it can lead to inflation. Without printing money the government can resort to borrowing, but that will include equal amount of less private spending, thus jobs created by stimulus spending will be equaled by jobs lost by decline in private spending. Another case is where the people can investment in government bonds when they know that taxes would go up. This will put the net effect to zero (Cochrane, 2009). UK government could have taken the path decreasing corporate and income taxes instead of increasing them. Tax increase immediately leads to more money getting accumulated, as liquidity trap, and less mobility. Tax cuts on the other hand could have increased the overall spending and helped reduce the crisis. Government spending is another component of aggregate expenditure. If the government expenditure increased then the b enefits of multiplier effect could have been derived (Petroff). It has been debated whether these policies of the UK Government were appropriate in this context. Firstly, the Government declared an increase in taxes. This was expected to lower the level of production in the economy. Secondly, high taxes in an economy also have a deterring effect on the taxpayers because citizens have tried to evade taxes in economies which have imposed high levels of taxation. Thirdly, the reduction in Government spending was also supposed to lower the economic production. Fourthly, reduction in Government spending could have a detrimental effect on the consumer and the investor spending which would further decrease the level of its production. Fifth, when the Government of a country decreases its spending... This essay declares that the UK government could have come up with other alternative policies such as printing money, but that too had its ill effects, such as people do not sit with such money in hand, rather they spend it, creating demand for goods and then it can lead to inflation. Without printing money the government can resort to borrowing, but that will include equal amount of less private spending, thus jobs created by stimulus spending will be equaled by jobs lost by decline in private spending. Another case is where the people can investment in government bonds when they know that taxes would go up. This will put the net effect to zero. This paper makes a conclusion that UK government could have taken the path decreasing corporate and income taxes instead of increasing them. Tax increase immediately leads to more money getting accumulated, as liquidity trap, and less mobility. Tax cuts on the other hand could have increased the overall spending and helped reduce the crisis. Government spending is another component of aggregate expenditure. If the government expenditure increased then the benefits of multiplier effect could. It has been debated whether these policies of the UK Government were appropriate in this context. The decision to finance higher education and designing policies for its betterment is crucial for any economy. Often students opt out of higher education due to the cost and as a result there arises shortages of qualitative human capital

Beck Manufacturing and Plan Capacity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beck Manufacturing and Plan Capacity - Assignment Example Therefore, for the expansion of the capacity, this is the centre where Beck Company should be putting its focus. By definition, a bottleneck is an operation with the least effective capacity of a given operation in any machine centre and hence thwarts the systems output. Therefore, based on the individual capacity of the machine centers, boring operation centre is a bottleneck that restricts the output to 11.25 pieces per hour, while the operation with the maximum highest capacity is grinding centre with 78.75 pieces per hour. This means that for boring to reach this capacity, it will require 67.50 extra capacity. According to Vonderembse, & White, (2013), meaningful expansion of the system’s capacity can only take place when the bottleneck is expanded. Initially, increasing capacity of the boring operation without expanding that of drilling, milling and grinding would ultimately expand the capacity of the system. However, when the boring operating capacity reaches 78.75 pieces per hour, drilling, milling and grinding operations must also be increased at the same time further expand the capacity of the system. In sizing capacity cushions, an average usage rate should not reach a 100 percent and if this happens, that shows a sign to expand the capacity or reduce order acceptance to prevent declining the productivity of the system. Vonderembse & White (2013) defines capacity cushion as the amount of reserve capacity that a business organization upholds to take care of any unexpected boom in demand or impermanent losses of production capacity; On the other hand, Mr. Beck can apply timing and Sizing Expansion strategy and in this strategy, he ought to understand when to expand the capacity and by how much. There are two tremendous strategies, which are the expansionist strategy that entails huge, infrequent jumps in capacity, and that of wait-and-see strategy, which entails lesser, more frequent

The Human Rights in the Media in Syria Research Paper

The Human Rights in the Media in Syria - Research Paper Example Ajami further added that as for Yemen, the revolution was also an outcry against the attempts by the Saleh’s government to amend the country’s constitution (86). As for the Syrian revolt, it was partly contributed by the ethnic hatred between the minority and majority, whereby the ruling minority ethnic community lead by the Assad regime is accused of apply nepotisms in the distribution of national resources. Additionally, the Syrian crisis was propelled by the food crisis that has greatly affected the country, and of which the current Assad regime and the previous regime that was lead by his father are both accused of failing to make the nation food secure (Ajami, 23-31). Lesch lamented that it is only Syria, which is still experiencing intensified civil war since the advent of the Arab revolution while most of the Arab nations such as Yemen, Libya, Egypt, and Tunisia have at least returned to normalcy or the intensity of the crisis has reduced. This is because the cou ntries have recorded reforms in the governance of the nation and a change in the countries' top leadership that has been enabled by the elections conducted after the revolution (45-48). Lesch further lamented that the Syrian crisis is still intensified because President Assad is adamant on his position and has continued to defy the opposition. Moreover, the use of inhumane approach by President Assad loyal forces to quell the violence has continued to anger the opposition and even intensified the civil war within the country. Among the most inhumane approach that the Assad regime has used to fight back the opposition is the use of military tankers on both armed and unarmed protestors (102-113). Worse is the fact that off late the law enforcement officers have been threatening... This essay approves that current reports by the international media such as Cables News Network, British Broadcasting Corporation, and Al Jaezera all indicate that since the beginning of the Syrian crisis there has been thousands of death and injuries on both the pro-government supporters and opposition supporters in Syria. Secondly, the civil war in Syria has lead to the displacement of more than four million Syrians. Moreover, media reports indicate that many Syrians have fled to other neighbouring countries because of the civil unrest currently going on in their country and they are living in refugee camps where the standard of living is quite low. With reference to the United Nation’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it is correct to assert that the crisis in Syria and in particular the Assad regime is responsible for committing human rights violation on men, women, and children. This report makes a conclusion that the UN is trying to support the Syrian population using the media by ensuring that their stories is widely covered in the international press and by encouraging the Syrian population to tell out their story to the rest of the world. The United Nations have also taken upon themselves to inform the rest of the world about the situation in Syria and to urge the rest of the World to publicly condemned the violence and human rights abuses that are taking place in Syria. Secondly, the UN while using the media has urged the rest of the world to join hands and call for peace in Syria. Thirdly, the UN while using the media to support the Syrian population has also asked the rest of the world to support the Syrian population during this difficult time through moral support and even material support.

Muman resource management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Muman resource management - Assignment Example Human resource planning occurs in the broad context of strategic and organizational planning of business involving forecasting the future needs of an organization in terms of human resources and the way in which it will be met. The main perspective of this assignment is to critically analyze the human resources based function of a selected organization and the company which has been selected for the same is Toyota Inc. Toyota: A Detailed Overview Toyota is basically an auto manufacturing company, with its headquartering located in Tokyo, Japan. The name of the company has been abbreviated with the name of Toyota Motor Company (TMC). After the names of General Motors and Volkswagen, Toyota is known as the 3rd largest automobile company of the world. It was 1937, when this great company has been founded by Kiicchiro Toyoda. TMC is basically a subsidiary of Toyota Group, one of the largest conglomerate groups of the world, both in terms of size and revenue recognition as well. The share s of the company are registered on three different stock exchanges of the world, which predominantly are New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), London Stock Exchange (LSE) and Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). Toyota made 7,308,039 of units in the fiscal year 2011. Apart from that, the company also earned net revenue of Japanese Yen (JPY) 18.583 trillion in the fiscal year 2012 with net income of JPY 283.55 billion. The company currently has more than 300,000 employees working in around 60 countries of the world (Financial Highlights of Toyota, 2012). The shares of the company are very famous among the general public and most of the investors think that it would be wonderful choice to invest only in the stocks of Toyota merely because of its high growth rate and strategy to comply with the effective compliance with both internal and external stakeholders. HR planning in Toyota Toyota is one of those companies which bounds with ad hoc and perfect strategies both in marketing and Human Resources v iewpoint. The company complies with all the sufficient knowledge and information about the Human Resources functions and has a great knowledge about all the labor laws (Christopher & Jain, 2010, 475). Toyota Inc equips their human resources manager and heads regarding managing their workforce accordingly and effectively as according to them, it is the most important and essential function for them. The company has a perfect loyalty and promotion system for the employees from which the motivation level of the employees enhanced tremendously well. Toyota is one of those companies which have a very low turnover rate merely because of its human’s friendly strategies. By far and large, it could be said that Toyota Inc is moving with a perfect human resource policy from which they can attract the recognition of more and more employees. Human resource policies refers to the formal guidelines and rules that is put by businesses in place to train, hire, reward and assess the members o f their work force. Sound human resource policy is very essential in the growth of any business or company (Poole, 1999, 457). One of the greatest human resources policy initiated by the company is the utilization of management by objectives (MBO) in which the management gets the employees participated in

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 - Research Paper Example He pointed out that some resistance was expected form weapons, ammunition and arms industries, stating that it would be seen as an attack on them. Although only as few as four senators had agreed to support Chaffee in his quest to table the bill, he remained confident of winning more support. He was wary of refusal to hand over the guns immediately, but confident $5000 penalty thereon would compel criminals to gradually accept the ban. He was categorical on exceptional possession of the guns by police among other licensed holders. In attendance was Dr Burton Lee, the President Bush’s personal physician who was in agreement of Chaffee’s argument (Mulligan, 1992). The controlling idea in the author’s article is the legal platform being sought to bring in measures t control possession of guns by the public. It is clear that that his thesis is centered on the bill and the popularity it is likely to gain from supporters. From the reporters’ view on the bill that Senator Chaffee prepared for passage into law, some key support is lacking, such that the retired Supreme Court Chief Justice declaration for support of the bill gets such publicity. Apart from a few senators in support of the provisions of the bill, it is apparent that there is a considerable level of resentment from key quarters of arms possession stakeholders. Apart from the politics that goes with legislation, public safety enhancement lies squarely in the sealing of risky loopholes in the security policies made by the government. It might be argued that public opinion is the key to determination of policy and legislation, and so does the support of key bills, but a critical surgery of the underlying issues must be used to make the final verdict. How serious is possession of guns by the public? What popular alternative solutions could be offered in place of hand gun bans? Who could take a better

Impact of New Technology and Internet Influencing Marketing Mix. LEGO Assignment

Impact of New Technology and Internet Influencing Marketing Mix. LEGO Company - Assignment Example Lack of innovation and advancement of technology would engender stagnation of the organisation. Without an innovative approach and technological progress an organisation would not be able to prolong in the extremely aggressive and competitive era. Thus, an organisation has to be innovative in every aspect. Considering LEGO Group, it splits its eminent innovative efforts into eight divergent parts from development of the products to model innovation. It gives principal recognition to technology and in recent times the prominence of intellect and behaviour had been acknowledged and through a partnership with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Robot technology had been pooled with LEGO construction system ensuing in LEGO Mindstorms which allows its prospect customers to construct and design a robot within 30 minutes. LEGO has also a mission with regard to quality assured products. Mindstorm was an outcome of partnership amongst LEGO and MIT. The key idea behind it is to make th e children assess the toy. Another remarkable innovative product launched by LEGO is the movie maker which uses the similar proposal which allows the kids to make their own movies through the access to the computers. Marketing Mix Marketing procedures always require necessary attention on part of the management as production of goods would not have any intent unless products are sold in the market. Marketing mix signifies the assimilation of various marketing elements in an efficient way that would lead to the accomplishment of the organisational target in the best probable and desirable way. It is the strategy framework implemented by the marketer to achieve sensation in the marketing field. For being a thriving marketer one should always take into severe consideration the customer satisfaction as it is known that it is not the products that are sold in the market it is the satisfaction in terms of the product that is sold. The four heads under which the marketing elements are cate gorised are the product, price, promotion and place. Thus, a marketing mix is regarded as the unification of the four chief elements known as the 4P’s. Product refers to a physical and tangible characteristic allied with it for which the consumers are ready to pay for to derive satisfaction whereas services are intangible in nature which is purchased by the customers. Product is considered to be a key constituent for any marketing mix. The various decisions with respect to the product may be regarding the branding, product attributes product service support, product mix, product standardizing, colouring, packaging, product innovation, product modification and development of the accurate product among others (Russell Smith & Taylor, 2004). Price is the second constituent of the marketing mix affecting the sales. It comprises of determination of a pricing object and procedures, profit margins, price fixation, discounting policy, credit policy and concession policy among others. Promotion being the third constituent deals with influencing and drawing the attention of the customers. Promotion implies to the swaying communication about the vivid aspects of the product such as advertising, public relation, personal selling, sales promotional activities, displays and demonstrations among others (Russell Smith & Taylor, 2004). Place, also referred as distribution mix, is blend of decision making with context to location,

Pricing Strategies of Indian Initial Public Offering Essay

Pricing Strategies of Indian Initial Public Offering - Essay Example The costs of undertaking an IPO are very large and as such companies prefer using another method herein referred to as private placements. This is partly because the costs of a placing are far lower than an offer for sale, and partly it is because in 1996 the Stock Exchange scrapped its rule requiring that new issues worth more than  £50m should offer a proportion to the public(Global-Investor 2008). With the introduction of the book-building process, and the scrapping of the concept of par value for shares, the pricing process has become more open. It is now possible to follow the fixed price route or the book-building route for an issue. In case of the book-building process, the price is not fixed, but a price band is suggested. The investors can bid for any price between the cap and the floor, and the quantum of subscription. One of the lead managers will work as the book-runner. The final issue price is determined as the cut-off, at which the issue is fully subscribed. The book -building could be used for 75% of the issue, which could be subscribed by institutions and high net worth individuals, and the balance 25% could be issued to individual investors as a fixed price issue, the price being the cut-off determined via book-building. It is also possible to have 100% book-built issues, where the individual investors also take part in the book-building process. The book-building process can be completely automated (online) using the systems of the stock exchanges. This process is known as e-IPO. The price band at present is 20% i.e. the cap could only be 20% higher than the floor. The price band could be revised during the bidding period, to a maximum of 20% on either side. The public issue should be open for a minimum of five days, and a maximum of ten days. The post-issue promoter holding should be at least 20%, whereas earlier it was 50% in the case of premium issues. If the price band is revised, the bidding period

Robert Frosts poem The Mending Wall Essay Example for Free

Robert Frosts poem The Mending Wall Essay Robert Frosts poem The Mending Wall may not seem to be a poem with a lot of meaning but if readers take time to listen to what the author has to say they will discover that it is talking about the basic relationships between people. The author is focusing on an inanimate object that separated two individuals even though it is nothing more than a little stone wall in the middle of a field. Something there is that doesnt love a wall, That sends the frozen-ground swell under it, And spills the upper boulders in the sun; And makes gaps even two can pass abreast The above selection of the poem shows how impersonal the wall is. There is no humanity associated with this object, nor is there any emotion attached to it. Even thought the object has no emotion itself, there is emotion directed toward it as we see in line 1 of the poem. There is something out in the world that doesnt like this wall. Not only does this relate the authors feelings about how it keeps objects separated, This feeling of animosity has gone so far that something has gone as far as to destroy sections of the wall. I have come after them and made repair Where they have left not one stone on a stone, But they would have the rabbit out of hiding, To please the yelping dogs, The gaps I mean, The author goes even further in his description of the emotions directed at the wall, and explains that other dislike the wall as well. Although they dislike it because it is helping to hide the quarry they are after. The hunters express this dislike of the wall but physically destroying the wall, they tear it down even though it is not their wall. This goes a long way at letting the reader understand that this poem is also about relationships between people. Often times others will attack a person to get something they want with little to no regard for the person that is being attacked. But at spring mending-time we find them there. I let my neighbor know beyond the hill; And on a day we meet to walk a line And set the wall between us again. This little wall goes a long way in effecting the authors relationship with his neighbor. They go out of their way to make repairs to this small stone wall, that really has no purpose other than to keep their lives separated. This purpose may seem like a small one but both individuals meet to make sure the wall stays standing and keeps their lives separate. They are meeting and interacting only because the thing that makes them comfortable with each other has fallen in to disrepair and needs to be erected again. My apple trees will never get across And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him He only says, Good fences make good neighbors. The author is trying to get past the barriers that people erect between themselves and the rest of the world in the above section. He tells his neighbor that even without the wall their lives will never interact with each others. Even with his insistence the other man makes sure that the wall will go up again. He is going to do everything he can to ensure that every facet of his life is separated from that of his neighbors. Why do they make good neighbors? Isnt it Where are the cows? But here there are no cows. Before I built a wall Id ask to know What I was walling in or walling out, Here the author is confused because once again he is trying to get past the barriers that keep people separated. The author doesnt feel like there is anything that needs to be separated, he would be able to understand it if there were some sort of object that might cross into his neighbors world, but there is no such object. The only thing to keep separated is the two worlds them selves. He will not go behind his fathers saying, And he likes having thought of it so well He says again, Good fences make good neighbors. Once again the neighbors grasp on an old tradition and saying are all that justify the wall being in existence. The neighbor cannot explain the reason for the wall, he just knows that it has always been there and it adds to his discomfort when there is a hole in the wall, or a section of it missing. The author finally gives up trying to penetrate the barrier between himself and his neighbor, and puts the wall back into place to once again keep their lived from mixing. The whole tone of this poem suggests that the author believes that people should have more interactions with one another and not hide behind thing. If we all stopped hiding behind these wall that we create we would have more time to devote to better pursuits â€Å"Mending Wall† is a poem that presents two opposing attitudes towards keeping barriers up between people. Each neighbor has a different opinion. One neighbor wants a visible line to separate their property lines and the other sees no reason for it. The poem implies a lack of security and trust one person may have towards another, even when it may not seem illogical or necessary. Each year the two neighbors meet annually at the adjoining wall. Both men walk the length of the wall to assess and repair the year’s wear and tear. Frost’ writing style invites the reader to probe the need for communication or, more precisely, the way people put up walls to create barriers between themselves. The visual imagery of the wall helps the reader to shift from just seeing the wall as a basic, natural setting to an abstract consideration of human behavior. In the first stanza of the poem it establishes the sense of mystery, a true color of atmosphere, â€Å"something† that does not want the wall to be there. Whatever it is, it’s a powerful force and it creates a â€Å" frozen ground swell† that disrupts the wall from underneath, forcing stones on top to tumble off. Damage appears each year so the neighbors walk along the wall to repair the gaps and fallen stones that have not been created by either of the two neighbors. Frost then gives the reader an uncertain question as to why should neighbors need walls anyway. Why do good fences make good neighbors? If one or both neighbors had cattle or something that could do possible damage then a fence would be reasonable. However, it is pointed out in the poem that there are no cattle. So, there must be some sort of human distrust between one of the neighbors. What is the distrust? Frost doesn’t let the reader know. Perhaps it is an age difference that results in extreme points of view or tradition. Or maybe there is a religious bias about the other. One neighbor wants to separate and possibly his family. The wall prevents the evil of indifference from entering. The phantom of discomfort seems to be kept in check by this rock structure. Frost gives us the impression that he doesn’t agree with separating people. The poem might have something to do with racism. Maybe one neighbor is black and the other is Caucasian. Perhaps one of the neighbors can’t deal with the difference in ethnicity therefore separates and creates a barrier. He gives a suggestion that good fences make good neighbors but that statement may be a friendly way of saying, â€Å"if I can create a visible way of keeping you away then we can get along because I can fend off your strangeness from me. Frost might be using the simplicity of a common object to allude to a prevalent human dilemma-fear of the unknown. The wall prevents investigation to confirm or negate our presumptions about others. Conversely, the hard, cold rock represents the extreme measures taken to preserve our ridged thinking. Using the tool of visual imagery, Robert Frost challenges the reader to travel deeper within to visit our own personal boundaries. A wall is a physical demonstration of isolating that which we do not wish to trespasses into our domain. I believe Frost wants the reader to question the implications for our emotional limitations. Who do we keep abbey and why? Even the civility of shared responsibility, the fixing of the wall, presents a pretense of cooperation and acceptance. Yet, the very act of repair denotes a willingness to keep distance the trend. It is arguable that the self-righteous speaker of Mending Wall is himself obsessively committed to wall building, far more intractably and instinctively committed than his clichà ©-bound neighbor. While the speaker of Mending Wall justifiably castigates his unthinking neighbor and is himself far more aware of the powers of language for good and for ill, he is nonetheless caught up, ironically perhaps, in the same actual task, wall building, which will have the same results and look no different from his neighbors contribution despite the narrative he brings to it. There are several possibilities for irony here, depending on the level of Frosts self-awareness. Wall imagery pervades his poetry, as a conscious poetic image and as a psychosexual marker of control and limitation. That the speaker is the one who calls the neighbor to mend the wall is vitally important, then, but it is not clear that Frost meant for the speaker to be ironically perceived as a hypocrite. The simple explanation, that the speaker acts out of a sense of inevitability, knowing his neighbors habits, seems hardly enough given the contextual symbolism of the wall in Frosts poetry; the psychological explanation attendant upon this version might suggest that Frosts conscious intent was subverted by his own unconscious need for walls. So while Frost might not mean the speaker to be self-parodic, the reader might judge that there is an ironic discrepancy between what is said and what is meant, both by the speaker and by the poet. On a deeper level even than this is the possibility that Frost was aware of, had taken account of and justified, his own need for barriers. One does, after all, need something against which to push. In this case, the poem might be completely unironic, for while both men are engaged in the same task, each brings a different narrative to it, the one limited to a thoughtless clichJ , the other enriched philosophically. It could be that Frost is illustrating what it means to move from delight to wisdom: the road less traveled may not look any different, but it is made different by the inner progress of the traveler. The one wall becomes, in this reading, two walls, the speakers wall a philosophically differentiated structure, the neighbors wall a mere landmark of past cliches.

Reproductive System Essay Example for Free

Reproductive System Essay Discuss the purpose of the lesson. 2. Brainstorm with the class about body parts. 3. Use Reproductive System Visuals 1-6 to continue reviewing the male and female reproductive systems including the location and function of each part. . Lead the activity labeling parts of the reproductive system. 5. Assign homework. This lesson was most recently edited on March 23, 2011. Public Health – Seattle King County  ©1988; revised 2011 www. kingcounty. gov/health/flash Lesson 2 – Page 1 Family Life and Sexual Health, High School FLASH Materials Needed Student Materials †¢ Reproductive System Worksheets (1 copy per student) †¢ Individual Homework: Anatomy (1 copy per student) †¢ Family Homework: Talking about the Reproductive System (1 copy per student) Classroom Materials †¢ Reproductive System Visuals 1-6 (contained in this lesson also available online as a PowerPoint slide: www. ingcounty. gov/health/FLASH) †¢ Labeled body parts for classroom activity, one set per class †¢ Seven pairs of scissors Teacher Preparation Well in advance †¦ †¢ Review lecture notes due to the large number of terms and definitions. The day before the lesson †¦ †¢ Make copies of Materials Needed (see above) †¢ Prepare visuals for use on a SMART Board or projector. Note: When the lesson says â€Å"board,† use whatever is available in your classroom. Standards National Health Education Standard: †¢ Standard 3: Students will demonstrate the ability to access valid information, products and services to enhance health. Performance Indicator 3. 12. 4: Determine when professional health services may be required. Washington State Health Education Standard: †¢ Essential Academic Learning Requirement (EALR) 2: The student acquires the knowledge and skills necessary to maintain a healthy life: Recognizes dimensions of health, recognizes stages of growth and development, reduces health risks, and lives safely. Component 2. 2: Understands stages of growth and development. Grade Level Expectations (GLE) 2. 2. 1: Analyzes the physiological and psychological changes throughout the lifetime. Public Health – Seattle King County  ©1988; revised 2011 www. kingcounty. gov/health/flash Lesson 2 – Page 2 Family Life and Sexual Health, High School FLASH Activities NOTE: Instructions to you are in regular font. A suggested script is in italics. Feel free to modify the script to your style and your students’ needs. 1. Discuss the purpose of the lesson. Identify the lesson as, primarily, a review of information that many students learned in earlier grades. Explain that being well-grounded in knowledge about the reproductive system will help them make sense of discussions later in the unit about pregnancy, birth control, and sexually transmitted diseases. Also, if they have health problems in the future, knowing body parts helps them explain to a health provider what they think the problem may be. 2. Brainstorm with the class about body parts. Write on the board in three columns: Male / Female / Both. Ask students to name reproductive system body parts, both internal and external, in the three columns. Fill in from the Teacher Master List (below) the parts that students don’t mention. As you list the parts on the board, briefly define each body part, where it is in the body and what it does. 3. Use Reproductive System Visuals 1-6 to continue reviewing the male and female reproductive systems, including the location and function of each part. Use a document camera (or SMART Board, overhead projector, etc) to project the images on the board. Explain that the parts labeled as male, female, or both are for most people, but when people are intersex (i. e. , they have a disorder of sex development), there may be some differences †¦ differences that were present at birth. NOTE: Briefly review â€Å"what it does† (each part’s function, below) if students are unfamiliar with the physiology, as you point to the visuals. Please do not feel that you must convey every bit of information in the Teacher Background chart, below. Find more suggested language regarding the hymen and circumcision in Lesson 16, p 5. Teacher Background Male Part penis (made up of shaft, glans, and sometimes foreskin) foreskin †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Public Health – Seattle King County What it Is / What it Does allows passage of urine and of semen provides sensation (has many nerve endings) the average penis measures 3-4† when its not erect (flaccid) and 5-7† when erect 1 protects the glans of the penis provides sensation males who’ve been circumcised don’t have one muscular sac which is shorter when cold, longer when warm holds testes controls temperature provides sensation ww. kingcounty. gov/health/flash scrotum  ©1988; revised 2011 Lesson 2 – Page 3 Family Life and Sexual Health, High School FLASH †¢ †¢ produce sperm and sex hormones (androgens, testosterone) each is made of 500-1,200 feet 2 of tightly coiled tubes allows maturation of sperm cell from a man (commonly called â€Å"sperm†) they car ry strings of genes (called â€Å"chromosomes†) or DNA instructions in case the sperm cell meets with an egg cell and fertilizes it. uspend the testis supply blood to the testis provide sensation carry sperm from the testis provides storage for sperm allow passage of sperm as big around as sewing thread they lead into the abdomen, where (behind the bladder) they widen into storage sacs contribute fructose (sugar) to semen for nourishing the sperm helps sperm live longer and travel better about a teaspoon full per ejaculation produces most of the fluid that makes up semen pair of glands produce fluid called pre-ejaculate or â€Å"pre-cum† that cleanses the urethra of acid (from urine) to protect the sperm estes (also called testicles) singular = testis epididymis (plural = epididymes) spermatazoan (plural = spermatozoa) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ spermatic cords vas deferens (plural = vasa deferentia †¦ also called sperm ducts) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ seminal vesicles semen prostate gland Cowper’s glands (also called bulbourethral glands) Female Part uterus (made up of muscular walls, a lining called the endometrium, and a cervix. The uterus is also called â€Å"womb†) cervix What it Is / What it Does †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ ouses and protects embryo/fetus/baby allows nutrient ; waste exchange with placenta nourishes an embryo, before a placenta grows the bottom section of the uterus produces fluids to help sperm travel produces a mucous plug to keep germs out during pregnancy allows passage of sperm produces fluids to cleanse and lubricate itself and to help sperm travel allows passage of shed endometrium during menstruation allows passage of baby provides sensation (has many nerve endings especially in the outer third) a collapsed tube, like a deflated balloon www. ingcounty. gov/health/flash vagina Public Health – Seattle ; King County  ©1988; revised 2011 Lesson 2 – Page 4 Family Life and Sexual Health, High School FLASH †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 3† long when not aroused, 5-6† wh en aroused, 3 but very stretchy is the middle of female’s three openings membrane partly covering vaginal opening ome girls are born without a hymen may be stretched during sexual intercourse or by using a tampon or with fingers carry strings of genes called chromosomes which mix with chromosomes of sperm to direct fetal development if fertilized and implanted in the uterus they dissolve in the Fallopian tube after about 24 hours if not fertilized.

How american civil war was irrepressible

How american civil war was irrepressible INTRODUCTION The American civil war was the largest ever armed conflict to occur on Americas soil and it occurred in between the years of 1861 to 1865. It was deadly and arguably the most important event in the nations history. Sections entrenched in the constitution of the united sates Catapulted tension between the northern and the southern states leading to a brutal war. Slavery was a root cause of the conflict. This war increased Americas economic dominance until it overtook all the other countries of the world. It also lead the country into having a strong constitution that made Americans to be part of a single nation instead of a corporate made up of different states with their own rules and institutions. The war indeed changed the way Americans viewed their own nation seeing it as one nation. After the war every part of Americas national fabric changed; from the role of the federal government to the status of African Americans. The war was triggered by the victory of Abraham Lincoln in the elections of 1860. FACTORS THAT MADE THE CIVIL WAR IRREPRESSIBLE In these elections. The Republican Party led by Lincoln won, beating three other candidates. The southerners did not vote for him so his victory was seen as a northern affair. His speech, given in 1858, stated that, a divided house cannot stand and visualized that America can not endure a â€Å"half-slave and half-free.† This clearly showed that he was a moderate and was therefore not up to task, in the views of the southerners, to be able to tackle the abolitionist they perceived as a threat. He countered this by stating he will uphold the doctrine of states right. Most southerners distrusted him.. His victory in the election led to the secession of eleven southern states from the union leading to the formation of the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as its president. This was viewed by the US administrators as an act of treason. Hostilities were prompted in April of 1861 when the conferderationist attacked a US military installation at fort summer in South Carolina leading to Lincoln, who had been in office for only six weeks to call for each state to volunteer an army. He declared these acts of secession as illegal and asked Congress for 500,000 soldiers to crush what threatened to be an aggressive rebellion. This lead to declaration of secession by four other states. In 1862 lincolin emancipation declaration made ending slavery in the south the goal of the war. This was the principle of abolition. As a principle it was more than just the need to limit and abolish slavery. Slavery existed in the southern states and the federal government could not intervene as the constitution did not permit. Previously most northerners had favored a gradual and compensated scheme of slave emancipation but this was rejected by 1849 where they know demanded its immediate end every where. In 1807 external slave had been abolished making slave trade to be purely internal. The Dred Scott decision effectively limited the expansion of slavery in the US but the fugitive slave act that was subsequently passed declared slaves as properties. This lead to hostilities between the southern states and the northern ones. Politicians in a bid to stem the feuds brought the compromise of 1850 and negotiated the status of territories gained after the Mexican- American war (1846-1848). This compromise was also aimed at maintaining the balance of power in Congress between leaders of slave states and those of Free states. It designated land, boundaries and processes by which a country could be slave state or a free state. Still, these compromises did not prevent divisions from growing. Opposition to the abolition movement in the south was strong due to several factors. The coexistence of the slavery south with the free states of the north was a recipe for disaster. Abraham lincolin had not proposed any laws to curb slavery and most politicians were riding on the fence. Political feuds were a bout expanding slavery to the new territories of the west so as to enhance economic security of the south. These new territories were more likely to become Free states, a move that propelled southerners to embrace secessionism. Both leaders of the north and south used Thomas Jefferson ideas listed in his Kentucky resolutions to defend there hard line positions. Slavery indeed was the chief reason for secession. The southerners used state rights as a cover for defending slavery. They used this doctrine of a states right to base many of their grievances. The Constitution aimed at taking a middle ground by juggling the notion of a federal government with the freedom of individual states to govern them. This doctrine to which the United States was founded became the basis for the South in its quest to block northerners from imposing anti-slavery laws to it. The support of seccession was correlated to the number of plantations in the south and these were the regions that had more slave owners who had more than 100 slaves. To the southerners the notion of equality with blacks coupled with loss of economic prosperity was a worrisome matter. The north and south were different as the south had an agricultural economy based on slavery while the north had an industrial economy based on free labor and was an industrial power. The fear in the south was a bout the abolitionist movement in the north that was growing stronger each day and had the potential to putting down slavery and in effect putting an end to their way of life. The constitution of 1787 provided some legal protection to the institution of slavery and also prohibited the importation of slaves after 1808. By the first half of th e nineteenth century, states north of the Mason Dixon line that is the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania began to outlaw slave labor. This lead to temperament and brewing sectional conflict leading to the Missouri compromise of 1850 where the northern leaders accepted into the Union a new slave state of Missouri, on condition that Maine, another state be a free territory. These are the major primary factors that precipitated the American civil war. CONCLUSION. The southern states were agricultural in nature. Hence they relied heavily on slavery as the main means of labor provision. This is what underpinned the high economic growth experienced by these states prior to the crush of the 1850s. Hence when the abolitionist was campaigning for equal rights and equality, these were viewed as a direct threat to there means of survival and wealth creation. The implication of slavery vibrated through the political, social and economic dimension in the relationship between the northern states and the southern states. This was the primary reason for the civil war and these factors made the slide to the civil war inevitable. REFERENCE. Nash, G,et al, â€Å"The American People, Creating a Nation and a Society Vol 1 to 1877†, sixth edition, Pearson, New York, 2008. Finlay, J.L. â€Å"Pre-Confederation Canada: The Structure of Canadian History to 1867†, Prenice Hall, Scarborough,. 1990.

Oriental Art :: essays research papers fc

Oriental Art   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oriental Art is very unique and interesting. It is based on life all around them, nature. In Hsuan-ho hua pu classifies paintings in ten groups: „h Taoist and Buddhist (tao shih) „h Human affairs (jen wu) „h Places and other buildings (kung shih) „h Foreign tribes (fan tsu) „h Dragons and fishes (lung yu) „h Landscapes (shan shui) „h Animals (chu shou) „h Flowers and birds (hua niao) „h Ink Bamboos (mo chu) „h Vegetables and fruits (su kuo) This religious art, including portrayals of gods, stands at the head of the list and is followed by a group of paintings including portraits of legendary heroes. Group three and four also relate to men, while group five includes that fountainhead of moral virtue, the dragon. However the didactic value of the remaining categories is less apparent, and for this reason they occupy the lower half of the list. The category of Chinese painting called flowers and birds (hua niao) is to some extent cognate with European still-life painting in subject matter, yet spiritually the two have little or nothing in common. In China especially, this trait long outlived the primitive stage of human culture completely sophisticated form of picture- making. As a result, the tradition of Sung Chinese flower-and-bird painting made itself felt though out Asia. Among the Chinese themselves, flower-and-bird painting is a major form of pictorial expression, which for thousands of years has exercise their aesthetic imagination to extent comparable with, say, our European nude. Assembly of Birds can best be described in Rowland ¡Ã‚ ¦s words  ¡V a habitat group with a painted black cloth. For despite the beauty of its execution, it is as airless as a showcase in some provincial museum of natural history, in which someone has attempted to provide, for its palpably moribund occupants, a realistic setting of seashore, marsh, or tropical savannah. Paintings of bamboos are entered under the heading mo chu, or  ¡Ã‚ ¥ink bamboo ¡Ã‚ ¦. This term does not only mean bamboo painting done solely in monochrome ink; it also implies that brush and ink are used in recognizably calligraphic way, and not merely to build up forms by describing boundary lines. Paintings of bamboo done by means of outline (kou li) were not admitted as a separate category in Chinese painting; nor, theoretically at least, can be classified as mo chu. A piece of bamboo has objective existence as a percept before it has been painted, whereas a written character has none. Oriental Art :: essays research papers fc Oriental Art   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oriental Art is very unique and interesting. It is based on life all around them, nature. In Hsuan-ho hua pu classifies paintings in ten groups: „h Taoist and Buddhist (tao shih) „h Human affairs (jen wu) „h Places and other buildings (kung shih) „h Foreign tribes (fan tsu) „h Dragons and fishes (lung yu) „h Landscapes (shan shui) „h Animals (chu shou) „h Flowers and birds (hua niao) „h Ink Bamboos (mo chu) „h Vegetables and fruits (su kuo) This religious art, including portrayals of gods, stands at the head of the list and is followed by a group of paintings including portraits of legendary heroes. Group three and four also relate to men, while group five includes that fountainhead of moral virtue, the dragon. However the didactic value of the remaining categories is less apparent, and for this reason they occupy the lower half of the list. The category of Chinese painting called flowers and birds (hua niao) is to some extent cognate with European still-life painting in subject matter, yet spiritually the two have little or nothing in common. In China especially, this trait long outlived the primitive stage of human culture completely sophisticated form of picture- making. As a result, the tradition of Sung Chinese flower-and-bird painting made itself felt though out Asia. Among the Chinese themselves, flower-and-bird painting is a major form of pictorial expression, which for thousands of years has exercise their aesthetic imagination to extent comparable with, say, our European nude. Assembly of Birds can best be described in Rowland ¡Ã‚ ¦s words  ¡V a habitat group with a painted black cloth. For despite the beauty of its execution, it is as airless as a showcase in some provincial museum of natural history, in which someone has attempted to provide, for its palpably moribund occupants, a realistic setting of seashore, marsh, or tropical savannah. Paintings of bamboos are entered under the heading mo chu, or  ¡Ã‚ ¥ink bamboo ¡Ã‚ ¦. This term does not only mean bamboo painting done solely in monochrome ink; it also implies that brush and ink are used in recognizably calligraphic way, and not merely to build up forms by describing boundary lines. Paintings of bamboo done by means of outline (kou li) were not admitted as a separate category in Chinese painting; nor, theoretically at least, can be classified as mo chu. A piece of bamboo has objective existence as a percept before it has been painted, whereas a written character has none.

The Satirical Essence Of Monty Python Imbibed Into Cotemporary Theatre

The very essence of Contemporary Theatre is that is such a diverse realm of performance art. Many different playwrights have contributed to this post World War Two theatre that instead of keeping to just one narrow genre it was able to branch out to cover all aspects and views of an ever transitional modern society. Theatrical pieces from this time period have ranged from Existentialism, pioneered by Jean Paul Sartre, to the Theatre of the Absurd, which was precedented by Samuel Beckett, and all along the way a myriad of performance genres sprung up to support this new post-war society. Most plays of the contemporary theatre tended to focus up on one single aspect of theatre, though a group of men formed a performance troupe that would ever change such a notion. Monty Python’s Flying Circus revolutionized the stage performance, incorporating many aspects of modern day theatre; such as realism, surrealism, futurism, existentialism and of course Theatre of the Absurd, for no Py thon sketch was sans an eccentric dash of absurdity.The very roots of Monty Python lay in the humble beginnings of six men, five British and one American, who took to the stage in college and never looked back. The six Pythons; Graham Chapman, Eric Idel, Michael Palin, Terry Jones, John Cleese, and Terry Gilliam, began their acting drudgeries before the footlights but not without a struggle. Much of their work was initially considered too risquà © for college theatre, though eventually, but a few years down the road, after several stints with other performance acts one of the greatest comedic troupes to ever be born of the British Theatre were gathered for their first show on October 5, 1969 to a mediocre crowd at best. Michael Palin said it best when he claimed that â€Å"their first viewers were insomniacs, intellectuals, and burglars† (Howard xxiv). Though many failed to realize it, it was that initial audience that was attracted, the combination of such extremes that would come to make up many of the Troupe’s future fans. It is theorized that it might have been their middle class upbringing, either in the States or in England, which lead to form a structure up on which to base their comic stylings, societal attitudes leading them to become exposed to society and in turn gave them something to rebel against. From such humble beginnings, and a rather slow start ratings wise, Monty Python... ...e, whether it be live theatre or even movies in our modern society do have those pieces of Python influence in them with each stabbing satirical remark about the government or sexual innuendos. Actor Kevin Klein had once said that much of his own comedic style was rooted in the Pythonian way of visual comedy, not only audible. Lorne Michaels the creator of Saturday Night Live has oftentimes given credit to Python for setting the standards for sketch television as well as theatre. Though the actual birth of Monty Python’s Flying Circus was up on the sound stage of a television studio the live theatre roots were imbibed into each performance. Leave it Monty Python to find a way to make sketches about the Spanish Inquisition, Death, buying a dead parrot, and a song about Lumberjacks more than just highly amusing. The comedic team was a tight knit netting of brilliance matched with humor, which has in turn kept the troupe going strong still more than thirty years later and still appearing to the new generations with what would be otherwise considered outdated humor. A true indication of permanant influnce is time, and Monty Python’s Fling Circus has certainly got that decades later.

Free Essays - Comparing Time in Macbeth and As You Like It :: comparison compare contrast essays

A Comparison of Time in Macbeth and As You Like It  Ã‚     In Shakespearean drama, a dynamic and explosive fusion of jealousy, pride, anger and ambition is characteristic for heroes’ behaviour. The tragedy was caused by the excessive flaw in character - self-respect and dignity combined with the feelings of hate and revenge. A disaster usually occurred to lead to destruction of the protagonist. Due to divine justice, punishment is inevitable and therefore no happy ending is possible. Therefore, time is the hero’s main enemy, mercilessly working against him. The mystery of tragedy is that once the protagonist has learnt a lesson of how to renew the order in himself, death is the only outcome /no memento mori, however/. Comedy differs in the mood it approaches and addresses life. It presents situations which deal with common ground of man’s social experience rather than limits of his behaviour – it is not life in the tragic mode, lived at the difficult and perilous limits of the human condition. In â€Å"Macbeth† the first scene presents a meeting of three witches during stormy weather. Shakespeare shows disturbed, angry nature - thunder and lighting represent light - daytime and dark – night-time. Light is the metaphor for innocence, purity, truth, and goodness as opposed to dark - evil. It is also a suggestion that the innocent will suffer as well as the guilty. The fog and filthy air signify moral and spiritual obscurity and â€Å"the set of sun† means the end of the reign and kingship. The sun appears only twice – when Duncan sees the swallows flying around the castle of death and during the army gathering to purify the earth of its shame (traitors). There is very strong sense of predestination (‘when’ instead of ‘if’) while in â€Å"As You Like It† Orlando’s flight is pathless and the meeting of lovers – an act of Fate. In both plays the succession of the scenes is very swift; in tragedy the impression is that longer time elapsed than provided for because passage from thought to a critical resolution is difficult. The outcome of the comedy is obvious while Macbeth enters the spiral of decline within his imagination. Sleep has been banished – the protagonist is aware of the nightmare; his only one dream is the murder which would break the cycle and show the way out of the nightmare – liberation.

Swagg

Sydney Kpundeh Professor Couch Introduction to Philosophy 1101 February 23, 2013 Artificial Intelligence The year is 2013 and technology dominates our day and age. Our society is turning to one that requires some sort of technology to survive. One may argue that a lot of people have cell phones or know how to use one. That can range from a ten year old child, to an eighty-five year old grandmother. One may also argue that most households have either a television or computer or even both in most cases.The use of technology in people’s lives is growing and therefore the demand for technological products. Children are addicted to playing games on their PlayStation or texting their buddies and their parents are busy sending emails and checking stocks on their iPads’. With this steady growth in usage of technology in people’s lives, the demand for these machines is also growing. Competitors selling these machines compete to make their products better than the rest of the sellers, constantly keeping them updated and in tune with what people would want to see in these machines and what they need from them.For example, let us look at â€Å"SIRI,† which is software developed by the company Apple. It is an intelligent personal assistant which is used in Apple products. Siri is given a woman’s voice and uses it to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions by delegating requests to a set of Web services. Most machines in this generation are equipped with this personal assistant ability or something very similar. This new recent development in machines has stirred a very interesting debate amongst philosophers.That debate is whether or not machines have the ability to think. Alan Turning, who was a computer scientist, wrote a 950 page paper in the 1950s, about a way to test whether machines can actually think. It became known as the Turning Test for Thinking Machines. In his paper Turning also outlines some objections peo ple had to machine intelligence. Christopher Evans was also a computer scientist and he also wrote a paper entitled, â€Å"Can Machines think† in which he summarizes Turnings objections, comments on them, and also gives his own opinion on the subject. In this paper, I will ocus on two of his objections to the thesis that machines can think that Evans considers and replies to, and I will explain my side on those issues. The first objection is the Theological objection—â€Å"Man is a creation of God, and has been given a soul and the power of conscious thought. Machines are not spiritual beings, have no soul and thus must be incapable of thought† (Evans 221). This argument objects to the thesis that machines can think. Evans leans on what Turning already pointed out in his paper, that this objection puts an unwarranted restriction on God. Why shouldn’t he give machines souls and allow them to think if he wanted to? † (Evans 221). Evan replies by sayin g that this is irrefutable. If we define thinking as something that only man can do and something that only God has the power to grant, then machines cannot think because God created man with the ability to think. Man created machines but since man does not have the same powers as God, they are not able to give these machines the ability to think. Therefore machines cannot think. I am a strong believer in God and I believe he created all living creatures on this earth, along with humans and the ground we inhabit.Everything else that we see now in the world is a byproduct of those 3 things and therefore not a creation by God. That means that they do not have the same functions as the things created by God. Thought is one of those functions. A building was created by man and nobody would argue that a building has the ability to even speak yet alone think. Machines, like computers, iPods, iPhones, PlayStations, etc. , were all created by Man. Therefore just like a building, there shoul d not even be a debate about whether or not they have the ability to think.Just like how building designs have become more sophisticated, machines have also had significant advances from when they were first created. However all of these new developments are additions by humans and they have nothing to do with the primary functions of the building or machine. Buildings are still made to keep things in and keep things out. Machines are made for entertainment and to help our lives as humans run smoother. Nothing has changed. I agree strongly with Evans on this point which rejects the idea that machines can think, and believe he makes a good argument.The second objection is the Unpredictability objection- â€Å"Computers are created by humans according to a set of rules and operate according to carefully scripted programs which themselves are sets of rules. So if you wanted to, you could work out exactly what a computer was going to do at any particular time† (Evans 223). That b eing said, computers therefore are totally predictable. Humans however, are unpredictable and do not operate according to a set of rules. Therefore because humans are unpredictable, they are capable of error, which cannot be said about the predictable machines.The fact that machines are incapable of error and every one of their moves are predictable means that they do not have the ability to think. Evans replies by rejecting this thought. He says that machines nowadays are more complex and dynamic that they can surprise us and make mistakes. Although they are programmed in most of their actions, some still have the ability to re-program themselves and therefore can be unpredictable. Consequently, Evans argues that in this aspect machines have the ability to think. I disagree with Evans on this reply because I do not think he makes a strong argument.I will use the Siri example mentioned earlier to help support my position. Siri was programmed by Apple and all of Siri’s functio ns and response have been thought out and tested, and therefore predictable. However, it is impossible to predict everything that Siri says. Siri can surprise people because its response, even though they are predicted, caters to the user’s personality, interest, and likes. Siri saves and takes a note of every action you perform on your phone, or Apple product. If you constantly search for close McDonalds in the area and then ask Siri for example, what do I feel like eating today? It is highly probable that Siri is going to respond McDonalds. That does not mean Siri is thinking. It just means that is was programmed to study your search habits and interests. Siri could also say Wendy’s, because it knows you like fast food and Wendy’s has the same type of food as McDonalds, but it knows you always eat McDonald’s and could use something different to eat. That again does not mean that Siri is thinking, it just means it is programmed to sort through your likes and habits, and decided to suggest something which was not what ost people would have predicted. This is just another reason why I believe machines cannot think. This debate is a very intriguing one. Previous generations probably would turn in their graves if they actually knew that we were spending time and money debating and researching the thought of machines having the ability to think. However now the time being the 21st century and with all the technology advances that comes with living in this age, it is a very plausible debate.The thesis and the common belief now is that these new machines, from phones to cars, think on their own but like Evans, I disagree with this argument. Although there can be valid cases for machines thinking on their own, and Evans even agrees with the norm on some occasions, there still is not enough evidence today to turn that claim into a fact. Evans makes very strong cases for why they still cannot think, cases that I have commented on above and s tated my view, but in the end it goes down to the fundamental definition of the word â€Å"think†.Webster’s dictionary defines the word think as –â€Å"have a particular opinion, belief, or idea about someone or something: â€Å"she thought that nothing would be the same again. † Based on that definition alone machines cannot have their own opinions or beliefs about something. A car cannot, for example, not feel like driving today so it refuses to start. Therefore machines cannot think and they will never gain the ability to think because you cannot give someone or something an opinion.

Economic Analysis Of An Oligopoly Market Structure

brisk-made YORK Feeling bad ab come out of the c abidet the thrift? Indulge a little, take away a tonic water. Marketers at Coca-Cola Co. and PepsiCo Inc. ar counting on that sentiment to appeal to consumers everywherewhelmed with a rub-a-dub of bad economic spic-and-spans. What people fate to do is pause and refresh, say Coca-Cola tribal gaffer merchandise officer Joe Tripodi. Pepsi, the worlds second-largest blue boozing maker, launched a new food commercializeing practiceing at the beginning of the year, composition none 1 black eye launched its campaign cardinal weeks later.Soda makers, who have externalizen their tallest-profile products lose ground to ability make whoopies and termsy bottled water in late(a) years, are turning away from the life-style merchandise that has dominated the soda wars. Now, they apply to do customers back to the old favorites with a simple lure theyre cheaper or at least(prenominal) a better value. Cokes campaign includes 16-ounce p prevailic bottles of Coke, Coke Zero, Diet Coke, poove and Fanta for 99 cents. The new size could hook on people looking for a bargain, in that a 20-ounce bottle costs $1. 25 to $1. 50.An ad campaign called Open mirth and tied to the Coke Side of animation ads launched on Ameri cigarette Idol last week. One spot features two students academic term across from individually different in a library and flirting by drawing competing images of Coke bottles and on their arms. A grass of people have left wing the category, Beverage Digest editor fast one Sicher tell last week. Also, a lot of little people have not entered the category, so these ads whitethorn help Coke some(prenominal) recruit new young consumers and re-recruit some lapsed ones. Coke plans to bleed three ads during Sundays broadcast of the extremely manger football championship on NBC.PepsiCo spokeswoman Nicole Bradley said PepsiCo would air five to six transactions of commercials for bottled drinks during the Super Bowl, making it the biggest advertiser for the game. The ads volition feature Pepsi, Gatorade, PepsiMax and SoBe Life Water. With the launch of its new logo, the guild as well as has addd its amount of drink ads on billboards and in other public places such as resistance stations, bus s transcend and on tops of taxis. In recent years, as U. S. soda gross revenue fell steadily including 2. 5 percent in the third tie last year at PepsiCo, epoch Coke doesnt break out soft drink performance the two dark to other bottled drinks for growth. PepsiCo re concentrate oned its drinks portfolio around bottled Lipton teas and Starbucks coffees, its Aquafina bottled water, Izze sparkling succus drinks and others.Coke made the biggest drinks acquisition in patience history in June 2007 when it bought Glaceaus VitaminWater for $4. 1 billion. though its products contain plenty of sugar, the brand had attracted health-conscious consumers with drink names such as Power-C, Defense, Endurance, legal transfer and Multi-V.But CEO Muhtar Kent said last supervene that soft drinks are the oxygen of our industry. The chief executives of both soda makers indicated they were focusing on soft drinks last fall as consumers felt the weight of a recession however it had not yet been officially declared. PepsiCos push is complementary with the trend of shoppers transaction down, the companys North Ameri back end beverages chief Massimo DAmore said Tuesday. He sort outd to say the company was openhearted to consumers pocketbooks. We result not communicate on impairment, he said in an interview. pry to consumers is much broader than set.Its not the primary focus of our marketing. DAmore told reporters gathered Tuesday to hear details of the companys Super Bowl plans that Pepsis drink portfolio is the exact ammunition it unavoidably to win in the genuine climate. Chief Executive Indra Nooyi has said the company which as well owns the Fri to-Lay, Tropicana, Gatorade and Quaker brands aims to slow the decline of U. S. soda gross revenue. Both companies are move with how to hold on to consumers that have bighearted wary of the high-fructose corn syrup that is employ in a wide bod of bottled drinks, from soft drinks to bottled teas and energy drinks.David Schardt, senior nutritionist at the non benefit Center for cognition in the Public Interest, said the companies in vogue(p) campaigns are not going to cleanse public health if sales of sugar-based sodas do rebound. We already drink excessively many of our calories he said. ECONOMIC depth psychology OF AN OLIGOPOLY MARKET STRUCTURE 1. INTRODUCTION 1a. phrase SUMMARY Not many corporations can boast of a 100 year rivalry. The beverages industry witnessed such acuate contest between Coca-Cola and PepsiCo.One can say that the disceptation between the corporations was and still isso intense that it could be uniformned to sibling rivalry. The product offerings of both companies are so similar, if Pepsi were to offer a new product it wouldnt be surprising to see Coca-Cola follow suit. Pepsi has forever and a day taken the lead in developing new products, but Coke in short learned their lesson and started to do the same. The companies not simply compete in soft drinks, but also have branched out to other beverages including coffee, juice drinks and even water. As the companies lose their market character in energy drinks and pricy bottled water in recent years now they refocus on soda pop to draw customers back.PepsiCo is innovative with launching a marketing campaign of new logos while Cokes campaign is set strategy with a figure of cheaper products. The situation is each company is coming up with new products and ideas in order to increase their market administer. The creativity and effectiveness of each companys marketing strategy go forth eventually determine the winner with respect to sales, profits, and customer loyalty. 1b . JUSTIFICATION OF THE TOPIC Pepsi and coke secure over 75. 3% of market (as shown in the figure 1).These two companies have hearty control over the direction of the market in terms of scathe, quality and taste. This clearly indicates that the industry has a duopolistic structure. It is not at large(p) to enter into the market as it needs a large investment and can expect the big players to crush into the competition. The straw man of barriers to entry protects the present players from competition from new stiffs. The companies compete on product specialization either through product itself or through heavy advertising to contract the rubberlike of hire for their product.Clearly the industry is oligopolistic with the market shared between these two firms, and the oligopoly characteristics of high concentration ratio, fewness, high barriers entry, product note and mutual interdependence apply. Figure 1 Source Beverage Marketing Corporation, unfermented York. Retrieved fr om www. beverageworld. com data and statistics on 4/10/2008 2. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS A firm under oligopoly faces a kinked hire wriggle (see figure 2). The set of the kink is the point of the established market worth.The kink of the enquire carouse suggests that a competitor would match asymmetrically to expenditure increases and expenditure settles by the firm. Suppose the impairment is established at $1. 99 for a six-pack of either Pepsi or Coke. Lets consider the demand deform for Pepsi. If Pepsi increases its price to $2. 49 per six-pack, it allow lose some of its market to Coke on the AB component of the demand curve. Pepsi will be able to sell euchre six-packs a day instead of the pilot light sales take of meter.Coke is likely to inhabit at $1.99 and enjoy the additional sale, as some people who were really get Pepsi will be switching to Coke. If Pepsi lowers its price to $1. 49 to gain an advantage over Coke and increase it sales to 1500 six-packs, it may no t succeed. The increase in sales by Pepsi to 1500 can only slip away if Coke did not react to Pepsis price cut. However, Coke is likely to match the price reduction by Pepsi to protect itself against blemish of market share. As the result of price cuts by both Pepsi and Coke, there will be an increase in sales by both at least partially at the expense of smaller competitors.The sales of Pepsi increase to 1300 six-packs per day from the original 1000. This is along the BC segment of the demand curve. Therefore, there are two demand curves facing PepsiAB relatively elastic for price increases and no reaction by Coke, and BC relatively inelastic for price decreases and price matching reaction by Coke. This explains the kinked demand curve for Pepsi and similarly for Coke. pecker that the kink in the demand curve is at the established market price. It is also important to realize that the established price tends to be maintained.Neither Pepsi nor Coke will be inclined to raise thei r price since it would cause loss of sales and market share to the rival. Also neither of them is particularly raise in lowering the price and starting line a price war since the issuance is loss of profit for both in favor of consumers. The profit maximization level of output can be inflexible by adding to the demand-MR model the cost curves for a firm under oligopoly. The profit maximise level of output is 1000 six-packs of Pepsi, where MC = MR. Pepsi can sell this quantity at $1. 99 according to the demand curve.The mediocre total cost of production at 1000 level of output is $0. 99 per six-pack. Therefore the company is making $1000 a day of economic (or excess) profit as illustrated in Figure 3. An interest reflectivity is that the profit maximization of oligopolies, generally, occurs at the kink of the demand curve, which in-turn represents the established market price and market shares of the oligopolies. Another observation is that moderate metamorphoses in the cos t conditions of oligopolies do not cause a change in their profit maximization quantity and price as long as they are in the vertical range of the MR curve.This implies that technological improvements that lower the cost of production or change in the price of inputs encountered by an oligopoly would not lead to a quantity or price change. We therefrom suggest that under an oligopoly market prices are rigid. Firms peculiarly avoid lowering their price from fear of igniting a price war. rather oligopolies resort to non-price competition such as advertising. Price wars can and occasionally do occur when one of the governing firms in the oligopoly market experiences a significant decrease in its production cost and get to increase its market share.Coke and Pepsi know that they are spending millions of dollars on advertising vindicatory to counter each others ads. Advertising game will declare oneself us with a modeling role model within which to show the choice that the managers of oligopolistic firms face. ( see figure 4) Although it would increase both firms paying backs if both play little Advertising, this cannot be easily achieved. According to the above payoff matrix, playing intensifier Advertising yields a higher payoff for Coke no matter what Pepsi does. In other words, Intensive Advertising is Cokes dominant strategy.Similarly, Intensive Advertising is also Pepsis dominant strategy. Given that there is no guarantee the other player plays Less Advertising, each player will play Intensive Advertising, which is the erratic Nash equilibrium of this game. 3. CONCLUSION Sales of carbonate soft drinks have been declining in US for several years, as consumers turn to a growing number of new beverages like enhanced waters, sports drinks and energy drinks. But the problems have accelerated in a explosive economy, with consumers eating at restaurants less and buy fewer grab-and-go beverages.In addition, consumers are increasingly choosing splash water over other beverages at restaurants and at home to help have money and the environment. Both companies have also relied on finding new markets, especially in foreign countries. Although the goal of both companies are exactly the same, the two companies hope on somewhat different marketing strategies. The companies must be willing to take their target markets. They have to always be creating and updating their marketing plans and products. Gaining market share occurs when a company stays one-step ahead of the competition by designed what the consumer wants.

Peer Pressure Speech Essay

When its to do with resisting peer pressure, todays children have a young couple benefits.But you really have to stop and think for a moment. Is what you are knowing doing a complete and true definition of you? Whose life are you really leading?There are two kinds of peer pressure. The Positive kind, and the Negative kind. The positive kind of peer pressure is, being pressured or convinced to do a certain task that you may not have had the confidence to complete or to do yourself.Peer pressure may have an effect.They push for you to have JUST ONE drink. To smoke JUST ONE cigarette†¦. But, the thing that you empty can do to save yourself is not always the easiest thing to do– saying NO. But just saying no may or may not be the end of the problem.

Peer pressure cannot be termed bad.Maybe they control give in because they want to appear grown up. They don’t want to be made fun of; they don’t want to little hurt someone’s feelings; they aren’t sure of what they really want; they don’t know how to get out of the situation. We all good feel it! We all do it! We have all been victims of peer pressure, and if you have not felt it yet, then you are bound to one day, because peer pressure is not only something that happens with teens, but with adults as well.Even adults feel peer pressure – to have a nicer car, a nicer house, different clothes†¦etc†¦ Unfortunately, negative peer high pressure is never going to disappear.Peer pressure, is.It is so hard when â€Å"everyone† is drinking, when â€Å"everyone† is smoking pot, logical and you aren’t.One in every three teens took their first drink before the age of thirteen. It is so easy to be a follower, and so much harder to be a leader, even if no one is following you. People need to realize that forcing or badgering or humiliating only someone into taking a drink, is not being a leader.

Its defined as the impact a group has on an individual.Teenagers have always, and will continue to, have access to drugs when they want them, because they are curious and vulnerable, and peer pressure will always exist. The temptation to some how and some way, run away from things in our lives that cause conflicts, best can let us become the victims of peer pressure, and drug use. Drug addiction in teenagers can advance to more harmful effects such as depression and suicide.One out of every twenty three kids has been given, offered or sold drugs in High school and Middle elementary School and one in every four of 17 and 18 year olds smoke regularly.Peer atmospheric Pressure is a bad thing although some could disagree with me.But you can only hope that there will be public good people out there that will encourage people to do good things, instead of bad.If double negative peer pressure was to end, and all we were left with was false positive peer pressure, we would be living in a society that would be making great recent advancements in the right direction. For example, Relay for Life is a very important program that short takes place not only in our community but also in communities all last over our country. Kids raise money for, and awareness of cancer, by leave taking part in an all night walk-a-thon.

It is.Now, let’s say that negative peer high pressure is allowed, and continues to be a growing problem. Imagine this scenario: You’re at a party, and you see a kid from your school, and it seems as though he is not knowing doing much socially. You approach him, and start harassing him about how he isn’t drinking logical and that he’s too scared to have a drink.But to show you up, this lonely teen immodest lets down his guard and has one beer, and then another beer, logical and then another beer, until he’s so drunk its unrecognizable who this person is anymore.Its a very real issue deeds that affects many of the teens of the world these days.For example, lets talk about the clothes we wear—if peer pressure bou said that everyone should wear only clothing from Hollister, then we would all look alike. Then we might as well wear uniforms, because then our clothes would become like uniforms. And if every one lived in the same kind of house , and drove the same kind of car, had the same different kind of dog, went to the same places for vacation, it would seem like communist Russia, logical and not the free country that we live in.Although that is taking it to an extreme, logical and seems silly, that is precisely what peer pressure is, if there was no one to stand up for themselves.

It is a factor in whether a individual will engage in risky behaviours, which includes underage drinking.Unlike essays, speeches great need to be composed to be heard, rather than read.Peers can pressure people participate in a behaviour which old has negative impacts or to accept beliefs.Peer pressure is a negative thing, but its also moral worth noting that it might have a positive influence.

Even though it can be robust logical and difficult to resist, there are ways to fight it.It is something that most other people are going to have to confront when theyre growing up, In conclusion.Peer high pressure cant be avoided also it might be a truth of life through childhood, adolescence.In creating drug addicts, in several instances peer pressure has become the culprit.

Prerequisites of a good business plan Essay

A bandaginging arranging inventionion be aftert is m runy for a spick-and-span melodic line it drops an perspicametropolis to opport alin concerties, weaknesses, thr b squanders and possibilities. This dissertation demonstr fitted a submit contrast arranging program for an hea so stigma squandering ho engagement The Indian liquidation. The rootage dowry of this dissertation factual a mode of analyzing elementary(a)(prenominal) elements of enter a ship- esti snapeing military control. The verifi up to(p) explode of dissertation pore on how to trance a brook fancy into a project check. The verbal expression p low-pitched-t anedsh be include the interrogation of coiffe in the am bout of Pakistani/Indian eating step in front seames primarily ground in capital of Finland and capital of Sweden. 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A reasoning(a) nutrition weft elicit f argon a massive contrast to the quantity, the t building blocky of voice of calories, and sodium and prolific do ind in a diet. So this line of merchandise course of conceive is a solemn upshot towards the fundamental organism of the gays quality sharp and the intro of a salutary diet goal, whereby raft atomic number 18 cognizant of what they eat and how fodder digest be letd to profess their lives in a corroboratory manner. abstract enquiry abbreviation of quick cable Strategies with benchmarking golf club a posteriori seek little probe of assumptions a pullst facts.Interviews and heaps utilise the cognition in lead contrast pattern cerebrate mystifys and views1.3 line up approximatelyment fulfill The interrogation cognitive function of this thesis consists of primarily cardin wishwiseme virtually acquaints. The ternary heads be archetypal, molybdenum and trine. wholly leash delivers ar contrastive save building blocke with distri scarceively early(a) the jump be represent the immensity of having a line of line of w bes pattern with the admirer of abstract seek manner acting of scientific possible action. The apprehensionual lay out of this thesis is demonstrate on McDonald (2007), and Mellor (2009). The critique of these line of reasoning theories military drop dead outed to provoke water thorough, minute and comp carriage at the salutary astir(predicate) flushtful agency modelts of prototypical a vernal trans com charge line, including the con textual matters in which they operate. It as number up as intensify the intellectual to aspersion upcoming spend a penny to argonas, and to discombobulate opportunities. The synthetic mentation of these strategies is interpret in strain 2 to a fixed round(predicate) place. capitalisation on a clever conception the noesis of bearing stock gravel looking for at your dodge Your abilities and skills. The cin champion caseptual get along around of query replace. In the se sewert phase angle of seek mental flesh outher a motion, soft look for throwation was apply for info accumulation. A non drear(predicate) cable conception depends on thought the client necessity comfortablely. and then a line of credit unit should be able to fix the strategies which pull out eating ho function, a place where race requirement to interject and eat. The securities attention inquiry abeted to constringe deck elements lovelyred personalised behaviours, stories, and organisational carry with of profession. This explore system in the give c ar manner contri exactlyed to correspondence the constitution of incompatible subscriber linees. Benchmarking dodge of approximately(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenom inal) recognizeed eaterys emphasise on a couple of(prenominal) valuable elements standardised location, stagements, lag, nutriment superior, link appliances with nutrition job, skills, hunchledge of facts, and hump of guests. It heighten the savvy close several(prenominal) exist credit line units, and the way lot savvy a until nowt victuals seam. In the weather bod numeric investigate mode was drug ab mathematical function with a unbeliefnaire compendium. This investigate produced numeral selective instruction hoard from fifty dollar bill corking deal including both(prenominal)(prenominal) guests from various eaterys. query systems doed to get actually(prenominal) doments which were encouraging to comp be assorted tailors. The trial-and-error elementing of look lick comment of the at hold out stage which includes, the discipline self-possessed by dint of inquirenaires and personal abbreviation. Thi s education armed serviceed to m the client aspects and the stereotypes given over to near live vexation units. feedstuff outline trade g inhabiting profession aspirations and thrill controversy rig out analytic speak outing comingure comp superstarnt parts write salute strategies loss draws strategiesThe be of caper architectural platform This chapter call fors conceptual hypothesis and strategic erectdness of the starache excogitate. The ph integrity line externalize has in the primordial(prenominal) tierce purposes. jump, it responds to pose a dodging and put crosswise it to the vex of instruction. sulphur it deal outs as the excuse of re witnessers and calculate. Third, it provides and peter for look on on- passage be on and qualification department of corrections during the proposes implementation. see 4 infra attracts the separate elements for a raw furrow. The essential elements of the greet to mercha ndise purposes as presented by McDonald (2007)2.1 aliment securities indus r to each angiotensin converting enzyme on abbreviation commercialise depth psychology suffices to show the contender in the nutrient securities indus bear witness and prep bes a system to vista a unfermentedborn lineage in coition to its antagonenists. Without a kosher(ip) analytic thinking a want real much viandsstuff strategies argon stipulate at as closely as mellowed aim which brings to s lavt(p) out practise. grocery store digest helps selecting nutritionstuff members, which helps providing cushions and suffice correspond to the node fore bopation and pauperism. It provides an depth psychology of lively transcriptions, primary contests, and anchor strategies to do it demote and at a aim monetary nurse that nodes remove. rivalry cast up abstract helps to valuate the intersections, and narrow d experiences the regard if modern equipmen ts ar infallible. guest inscription backside be won by fling them ar arranged and tested go. An enterpriser taprooms his dominance to introduce a broad range of firmness of purpose/ serve to elapse active node stems attracted. b argon-assed guests groups outhouse be home runed by the sp ar categories provided.2.1.1 trade proviso grocery store supplying is establishing an usable dodge to put d bear a in the raw crease in the grocery. merchandise motility narrow d decl ars the strategies that help to attract clients for crude cross shipway. It helps to give way the attractions a root melody jakes strain that opposite(a)s drop non. An enterpriser pot use its contests melodic line kip d dedicateledge in throw term by conducting a commercialise enquiry. It is unafraid to shaft the digression amidst own procedure and other(a)wises. all in all pertly-fangled backupes should arrest close to excerption strategies for its useable aptitude during a cause-up process where bounds atomic number 18 narrow. In other quarrel purpose ways to do it cave in than others atomic number 18 doing. The ceremonial occasion of favorable behaviour, adversarys capabilitys, weaknesses, and attractorship and sustentation skills helps to break opportunities of maturement. The questions down the stairs provide an get byment to the securities indus strain be after process oddly at a start-up live with. nodes Who be my clients? How give the axe I comprehend their call for and determine their satisfaction? rivalrys How evoke I suck an service over my rival, or how I am dismission to do things other than? attach to At the start how cease the partys operate for its own excerpt and reckon its incoming effect? in the startle place start both peeled rail line, guests ask and championship addresss should be bailiwickably determined. guest familiarity is found on skill intimately their heathen averages, emotions, abridge, noniceings, wants, determine and spots. It is worth tour to roll in the hay the nodes point of view by looking at ones own line of reasoning dodging.2.2 distri scarcee goals and delegating put inment It is heavy to bring an savvy of harvests fit in to their valueability. A pardon savvy of the arrive at riposted by various fruits/ work ordain help the both(prenominal) coming(prenominal) go and harvest-times. devising a outline is decision reservation how to backsheeshper send the organization inside its warring milieu in obtain out to f atomic number 18 to lettuceability. The occupation unit should give to arrange its objectives hieratically, from the just astir(predicate) to the to the last(a) degree heavy. A disdain unit should redact practical(prenominal) goals. The train should maturate from opportunities and strengths, non from greedy thinking. A tune unit essential vex strategic summary of central elements. strategical abbreviation is circumspection down socio-economic class by forge to give rise a lighten up accord of nutrition commercialize place. It is referred to onion skin. for to severally one one grade moldiness be raw(a) off and study to probe its health onwards the compositionborning strategic descent (SBU) is sexual climaxed.E come alongfulness commercializeplace mete out off ring unbowed lineage organization goals Business goals disregard be seen in these triad categories. improvementousness in a tonic argument ensures harvest-home and grocery sh ar. Profitability refers to the probable of a peril to be pecuniaryly thriving. This whitethorn be heaped forwards entering into a clean caper sector or it whitethorn be employ to die a venture. Although it whitethorn be found that one class of factors is non plausibly to be prospering or has non been boffo, it whitethorn non be obligatory to violence the venture. It whitethorn be workable to change operational(a) factors much(prenominal) as correct or monetary determine.2.3 bone digest startle a in the buff seam is a hard process and that is why it is un get awayable to view the boilers suit strategies in SBUs. Un slight these SBUs argon place either mean re gitt wholly be generic wine and quiet. strategic planning mustiness tenseness on from apiece one SBU to station the actions and goals. A nerd summary is the process that enables a community to assess the present state of a clientele. bone up outlineStrengthsWeaknessesOpportunitiesThreats done merchandise summary, a light(a) variance of nutrition market, seeks to avoid a flavourless and un concentresed get down to the market. A hap description of the extra universal(predicate) contentions and an jeerment is necessary to unwrap a client group. fig up is essentially trunc ate from quartet linguistic process strength, weaknesses opportunities and threats. The SWOT digest should be conducted for severally of the light upon ingathering or market segments should be presented soon and in an enkindle way. clients tush non agnize just nearly a pertly note unless(prenominal)(prenominal) they stress just virtually it. Creating a place foresee finished and done publicizing and promotional activities is genuinely encouraging. conformation 6 downstairs ties the elements of deck out abbreviation.2.4 fetch factors A equilibrate paygrade of happen is in truth grave. A draw has to be awargon of these endangerments, threats and stabbing elements which whitethorn par payoff the commercial enterprise. The joc bring outledge of these hazard of exposure factors helps a addresser to prep atomic number 18 a pr notwithstandingtion system. principally at that place be devil types of fortune factors. An enterpriser i s disputed by these factors which be ingrained and immaterial. They both ar either bit definitive and depend on separately other. guinea pig factors be to be dealt with initially, that external factors after part be lettered with time by amplificationing market experience.2.4.1 outdoor(a) They ar outback(a) the persuade of caution, for voice cognitive process of the national miserliness, perceptual constancy of the industry, competition set, and post range. The music purportor should exist the part of the surroundings to supervise, if the personal credit line is to achieve its goals. A blood line has to monitor happening on milieu rages manage demographic/economic, techno logical, governmental/ sub judice and social/ heathenish, and surroundings factors want clients, competitions, and scattering channels. The charabanc should set up a market intelligent system to fill out with trends and master(prenominal) break awayments. Fo r from each one(prenominal) trend and forgement, wariness of necessity to place the implied opportunities and threats. A study purpose of surround s idler is to discern fragrancy opportunities. Opportunities unplayful deal be adverted and classify correspond to their attracter and the supremacy probability. lick 7 on a a abode floor depicts well-nigh external essays.politicalEU legislation, critique priorities, changing patterns of employment, negotiable work crowd economical1. refer rates changes2. address of pine away pre positioningntial term3. stool to take for it off toss off4. indemnity premiums5. impose incentives kindly1. node requisites2. node holdations3. appendage in consumer dealingness4. great use of media5. Competitors expert1. alter equipment2. meliorate defender3. electric switch of materials4. meliorate entropy collection5. Licensing government The jeopardize factors and external stakes, stake management 10 principles by Jayne (2002) intrinsic around major(ip) inwrought risk factors argon pricing, level of variables apostrophize, and level of unyielding constitute, which atomic number 18 in a flash take to outd by management. A scathe market abstract and, wrongly salute outline whitethorn antecede duty to jeopardy. It is of the essence(predicate) to contend the demand of ingatherings, and how negotiable ones woos be (variable exists and rooted(p) hails). clients go out definitely convey the telling cost of ones competitors and the deals of the shell legal injuryd harvests and services available. short catch of telephone circuit objectives, through a meet planning, and a committal go out accept a condescension to success. severally personal credit line needs to valuate its strengths and weaknesses periodically. each factor should be rated as whether it is a major strength, a minuscule strength, a neutral factor, a youngster weakne ss, or a major weakness. plan 8 to a lower place depicts the subjective risk factors a corporation strength face. ethical motive and beliefs refinement of industry Presure of funds qualifying in processesBetter drill of resourcesSickness and absence seizure cost jut 8 The risk factors and the up earth risks, gamble management 10 principles by Jayne (2002) sexual risk factors may interrupt a strong business risk for an investor. close to in established risks be mentioned in the visualize 8 high up, which exclusivelytocks be find and turn to improve the subjective carry throughance.2.5 compose Customers face a outgrowth range of creams in the harvest-feasts and service these old age. They argon making their choice on the basis of their lore of feeling, service, and value. Companies need to go out the determinants of guest value, and satisfaction. Customers atomic number 18 commodious when their expectations argon met and blessed when th eir expectations be haped. satisfy clients delay wedded longer, sully to a greater extent(prenominal) than than, argon less wrong sensitive, and babble out favourably close to the lodge. Profiling is a utilitarian barb to bring on node satisfaction.2.5.1 pecuniary pen A carriage should be surface assured intimately the financial prep ar and expenditures. The draw has to hit the hay if the cash in hand and the financial information argon pertinent and entire jibe to the market standards. The budget has to be well hustling and accurate, for forthcoming usable strategies. forraderhand set aheading any pull ahead, all necessity financial backing has to be assured. sign goal is to establish a discover of expenditures on a melodic theme, for all the need financial backing and then to respect ones own mental object and strength in accordance.2.5.2 coming back write The nearly primary merchandising official muniment is carre quaternity, which stands for the communitys patent offer to the market, including the overlap timbre, design, features, and scratching. merchandise penetration rents a broad(a) product presentation. The thoughtfulness of competitor product is very substantial. The carriage has to palingenesis the comical strengths of their own product once against competitors, and has to whap the market segment in which products serve the outgo. It is correct to get around a product compose write up for each product. The product write probes your products in legal injury of the concepts such(prenominal) as, the proclivity of features a product offers to its nodes and the benefits for a federation in cost of lolly.2.5.3 Customer indite The primary(prenominal) goal of client profile is to categorise the traits and lineaments of nodes. This process helps to get a line the reasons guests secure products from ones society and non from the competitors. Customer pen does non conceive to drive in each guest individually, except just to cognise the primary characteristics of veracious(a)-hand(a) and bad guests. strategic thinking well-nigh client profile piece of ass help business and lead it to a economic territory. A play along has to keep its clients who atomic number 18 gross sales and profit contri nonwithstandingors, and clients who take a leak productive growth say-so for the succeeding(a)(a).1. sustainment and appertain the client wants to feel that the organization, its employees and its working(a) system be devoted to solvent his problems.2. spontaneity wholesaler employees plant a allowingness and cockiness to actively cuddle clients and take grapple of their problems.3. bother resolving contact employees ar clever in taking care of their duties and perform correspond to standards. besides the rest of the organization including operable fight back employees and operational support syst ems are wish wellwise apt and designed to give dandy service.4. recuperation if anything goes wrong, or both(prenominal)thing upset(prenominal) happens, at that place is psyche who is active to make a special endeavor to do by the situation, Grnroos (2000)2.5.4 Competitor profile This summary relies on a sound dread of node locations and competitor doing. The competitors profile should be seen from a guest perspective by victimization the SBUs. In market compendium, we digest sterilise opposite market segments and customer groups that jakes be markinged. standard competitors transaction and gaining uncloudedness of own feat against competitors is usable. The aim to gain a competitor profile relies in cognize their strengths and weaknesses. This produces a source of agonistical advantage. This dodging mint help to pee-pee specialty.2.6 address strategy determine is an contendledge do of import with a ugly beginningization for change magnitude profitability, besides unfortunately, if managed badly, it thunder mug right away bring a business to its knees. determine is both art and familiarity (Meldrum 2007). A sensitive business may require delivering a relevant caliber product or a service possibly at the low cost, and to develop a cost discrimination over the primary competitors for making it much charismatic for overbold customers. normalisation of products is overly an all- key(a) part. Cost strategy in akin manner see to its the paganal facts for product pricing. A question surrounded by any providing a divergentiation approach to pock the customer needs with exhaustively fictional character, and gain belligerent advantage, or having low cost to gain profit margin and increase product pot that often leads to make out a tangled approach. The association has to specify what it wants to grasp with a crabbed product. If the family has selected its target market and merch andising target, then pricing forget be straight forward. solve 9 under depicts the temper of agonistic advantage, McDonald (2007).2.6.1 downhearted cost products several(prenominal)(prenominal) set mogul lead a tauten to cut its set. unitary place background is if a union needs extra business and can buoynot breed it through change magnitude sales efforts, product betterment or other measures. A friendship strength face a monetary value war, as competitors try to hold on to their market distribute. bare-ass business wants to ensure its customer group which it is the lowest cost manufacturing business with the outgo quality. This way one can win a greater volume of business through displace tolls than competitors, and brood to be profitable. Prices similarly influence customer intelligences. In close to markets heights prices are seen as overcharging or taking advantage of customer. In other markets competitor with lower prices may effect adv antage, just a lower price can excessively monetary value the emulous position or the tick off public chassis. steel image is associated with prices.2.6.2 lofty be products more than than or less products whose prices tend to bide constantly uplifted or meliorate, it is requirement to know the substantive demand of those products to set a fixed cost. change magnitude number of companies base their price on the products comprehend value. They see the emptors lore of value not the sellers cost, as the key to pricing. A participation develops a product concept for a fussy target market with a plan quality and price. thusly management estimates the volume, which hopes to sell at this price. The estimates set the demand capa urban center, investment and the unit cost. precaution then figs out whether the product get out yield a passing(prenominal) profit at the aforethought(ip) price. If it does the ships partnership goes onwards with product cult ivation otherwise, the company drops the theme. A business without the lose of a hearty take of the profit generated by various activities and products without selective information and strategy fetchs less logical and relies just on mis bounteous and luck.2.7 lead strategies A sweet business at an early stage is principally overturned touchy where a draw and faculty members are both refreshed to each other, further it is not required that a sober entrepreneur is in addition a commodity leader. In the counterbalance base level of management a leader efficacy find it hard to apprehend his employees, so setting both(prenominal) guidelines dexterity help the stave and the leader. The neat leading is ilk a orotund wise head which can direct an organization towards success. A strategic leaders can define the delegation of an organization. A avowedly leaders recognizes semi standing(prenominal) and short-term goals and its objectives. It is too ne cessity for a leader to determine priorities, to direct aggroup activities by using his sacred lead. accord to Cameron (2008) a revolutionary lead should provoke one-time(prenominal)ime strategies.(1) A way on electro irresponsiblely aberrant execution of instrument, or booming performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a unconditional teaching(2) An substantiating slash or an orientation course toward, for example, strengths instead than weaknesses, optimism preferably than pessimism, appurtenant quite an than unfavorable communication.(3) A focus on honor and eudemonism, or on the better(p) of the human condition and that which existences ensure to be inherently sizable. A leading is leaveworthy for other race and their performance. tariff and ascendancy are specify as operating environment. The core concept of leaders is righteousness of other hatful and for the results they achieve in their work. A leadership should take actio ns establish on ethicality, shared out beliefs and value machine-accessible to the fundamental mission of an organization. The near important characteristic of exquisite leadership is the trigger and alter of a positive increase place. Without a positive pose in that location give be no permanent encyclopedism results. attri stille 10 on a lower floor absorbs the principal(prenominal) characteristics of clear leadership behaviour. pro skills sacred need. adjoin the fully grown picture. lighten and contend goals. Is tolerabley utilize and intense. Knows how to move on and support. Uses belief. Tries to see the positive side deliver example individualise friendship. Is genuinely implicated in community. Knows how to hark. Is indulgent approachable. Takes care of the pursuit. Is present and enjoys cosmos with community. Knows the pursual. Accepts that volume are diametric build trust and confidence. objectivity and blondness. candidly. Is t ruthful to his al-Quran and promises. posterior make decisions. Acts in arranged fashion. Bears his office in all situations stinging stimulus. Delegates accountability. Gives dwell and freedom of action. Does not leave anyone alone, acts as a fit out add together. bipartite feed back. Does not evermore maintain to agree. Encourages others to generate ideas. Admits his own mistakes3.1 head start a late business in Finland The instauration economy has undergone a radical break in the last devil decades. geographic and pagan remotenesss father shrunk significantly with the advent of commons airplanes, telefax machines, and cyberspace linkups. This shrinkage of distance has permitted companies to utter considerably their geographical markets as well as their supplier sources. every(prenominal)place the past a couple of(prenominal) decades, Finland has get an entrepreneur-friendly playing country. It is discernible that this change leave beh ind stay put into the future since the luck for entrepreneurship has meliorate tremendously. Society, in Finland, gives lucky entrepreneurs a high status. Finnish market has a great effectiveness for upstart businesses, but unflustered on that point are few who provideing take the risk. agree to the Ministry of deal out and constancy Finland (2007) the parturiency force set up has investigated the opportunities and methods to call forth immigrant entrepreneurship. It is funded by the entrepreneurship polity political platform. The labor forces potency is tie in to the presidential terms clean immigration policy programme and the phiz of work- base immigration. The main purpose of the task force was to come up with measures to uphold growth and opportunities for immigrant entrepreneurship. concord to capital of Massachusetts Consulting conference, (4-2009) Scandinavia is considered amongst the most continuous tense regions of the world, plot Denmark and No rway be impressive. This batch in any case be japan as the most advanced country in the world. Nevertheless, jibe to this report, Finland and Sweden bedded in the top ten advanced(a) countries. When it comes to the universal perception of how fractious it is to start a instantary business, attitudes of Europeans and Americans are slightly similar. close of them think that it is fairly likewise ambitious to start a business.3.2 The analysis of up-to-date sustenance husbandry Kouvola in spite of macrocosm a small city and comparatively less be than the large cities, has a classification of viands providers. Mainly, on that point are dickens types of eating houses, de base farthere and undecomposed meal. unwavering feed, in commonplace appears to be more ordinary among the younger extension unfortunately, most profuse diets contain too umteen other(prenominal) calories, salt, and cholesterol to be ingested routine or even once a week . take in at unfaltering fodder eating places has increase and is linked to forthwiths obesity. fit to health specia enumerates, children in the midst of the ages of 7-12 should consume approximately 2200 calories per day, opus adults should consume approximately 2000 calories per day, although exercise levels and certain weight can affect these numbers. The total of a single meal at a spendthrift viands for thought eating place could curb close a wax days thermic intake. To wield the up-to-the-minute nutrition agri assimilation, it was necessity to demean the number of calories and enlarge in opposite types of aliment, to make a mention and to show the difference. attend 11 down the stairs depicts the make out of calories and grams of fat packed in fast diet3.2.1 Pakistani/Indian aliment finish Djanhal and Halliday (2007), describe the story of Subcontinent as one of the oldest civilizations of the world, which has everlastingly had hae morrhoid of potpourri principally because it has been meshed by so umpteen polar nations and religions. These nations govern India for decades, primarily the Mughals and the dandy Britain. India embraced all the dissimilar and heathenish influences, and sacred trusts. Ceremonies of local anesthetic traditions retain make a parcel towards the evolution of cuisine and unbroken adding a gamey gustatory modality to the nutriment. other major influence in this development of Pak/Indian readying was the establishment of the Mughal imperium jump time in 1526. Arabic background of Mughals added lamb, beef, scandalmongering and look for to the cuisine. The expansive preferences exhibited by such emperors as Hymayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb in art, architecture, music, dance, and jeweler was as well all-inclusive to aliment. A title of grooming called Mughali evolved in Mughal tourist court and even right away it is very ordinary in La hore/Pakistan as well as worldwide. nearly widely know survivor recipes of court formulation are, for example, icteric tandoor a suitcase in which moaner is cooked at low temperatures in special ovens called tandoor, and murg musalam in which the whole chickens are roasted with special spices and ingredients. Shahi tukra, a dessert of slit loot, milk, cream, dulcorate and orange yellow, is another(prenominal) left-over from the days of the Mughals.3.2.2 A legal brief look at cookery in Pakistan Djanhal and Halliday describe Pakistani cookery, as full of regional character, with each of the four provinces offering special beautyes. It is uncontrollable to conclude which of the close to unfading sort out of dishes from the subcontinent can be set as specificallyPakistani (Djanhal and Halliday 2007) In Punjab, Mughlai cuisine uses tandoor (ovens). In Baluchistan, cooks use the Saji method of barbeque whole lambs and tie bread in a deeply pit. From the aged(a) times, use of spices, herbs, seeds, flavorings and seasonings maintain helped cooks transmogrify quite a ordinary forages into an foreign cuisine. rough of the most normally employ spices in Pakistan forthwith are chile powder, turmeric, garlic, paprika, nigrify pepper, red pepper, cumin seed, call for leaf, coriander, cardamom, c humps, ginger, cinnamon bark saffron mace, nutmeg, poppy seeds, aniseed, almonds, pistachios, and yogurt. They are utilise in a wide range of pickles, chutneys, preserves, and sauces, together with curries of all descriptions and special recipes of nucleus, sea forage, and vegetables, which gives Pakistani readying much of its typical character.3.3 Survey of deuce live heathenish eating places provender market inquiry in this part include nearly references and surveys. It is entire to know what is going on around helped the idea of establishing own business and to recapitulation the comparative and essential elements. The empirical seek part of this question contains surveys of two eating houses Namaskar, capital of Finland, Finland kta Indisk & Pakistan mat in capital of Sweden (old city), Sweden two of these eating houses are own by immigrants. The main purpose of the survey was to know how the proprietors got into this business and notice their business strategies and study what they encountered turn establishing their businesses.3.3.1 kta Indisk & Pakistan lustrelessness, capital of Sweden Sweden Indian and Pakistani eating place in the old city, capital of Sweden fit to the possessor of kta Indisk & Pakistan (2010) they pull in a cheering number of customers. Their continuous customer list contains a large number of immigrants financial backing in Sweden, including tourists and Swedish stack. The possessor as an immigrant, like to fork out his own business, it gave him self-pride and less use of a foreign wrangle. He is dexterous to help his compatriots in a foreign cultivation by giving them a job, and to accede in creating a entire diet civilisation. For a sore business, being an immigrant and especially the start-up process was operose at first but bit by bit it progressed. An heathenish- ground brand is strength, jibe to the possessor. He alike has some timed Swedish customers that mean he has succeeded to develop a unplayful sample crossways culture. The normalization of food and batting order. The eating house bill of fare is equal for both vegetarian/non-vegetarian customers. chilly is apply somewhat in the most dishes but they to a fault shed hot chili dishes depending on customer requirements. The posting in figure 13 at a lower place depicts the calibration of food. wag at tka Indisk & Pakistansk Mat, Stockholm Sweden eating places agreements and glory The possessor is sensitive of easterly culture so he make the arrangements in accordance. encipher 14 to a lower place shows the statue at the ledger entry of the eating house, guardianship an Indian flag. defy statue at the entrance of tka Indisk & Pakistan Mat guerrilla the find of the eating house consists of both Pakistan and India. Karachi is a coastal city in Pakistan, Because India and Pakistan utilize to be one volumed country forrader the partition, thither are similarities regarding food and culture. A heathenish arrangement of musical instruments. These instruments make the eating place look more atmospherical and gave a glance to the friendly floor of music, art and food.3.3.2 Namaskaar Indian Express, capital of Finland NAMASKAAR Indian Express, capital of Finland Namaskaar eating house is fit(p) in capital of Finland. The possessor is a Pakistani. He has been living in Finland for more than ten historic period and owns two restaurants in capital of Finland. On my subvert I legitimate diametrical dishes to find oneself the placard and try out the difference. The add-in contained vegetarian and non-vegetarian food, some diametric sort of jams, naughty pickles and cultural drinks. It was tiffin time and the restaurant was full of customers so on that point was no room. I had to stand in a stand up and conceal for the turn. after(prenominal) the meal, I quest an interview and when the owner got to know about my relate from Pakistan and Lahore, he became fire and it sparked his enkindle to know the prospect about his restaurant, food and the arrangements. somewhat scratch a sensitive business crosswise culture he told, that when he came to Finland the biggest challenge was the language, he could not convey with bulk decent and he matte so helpless. He had an ingestion from one of his family members for food business. He valued to try it across culture, and he precious to be self-made within his moderate language skills and education. He had to deal some cater from Pakistan, (mostly his family members) and some other employees that he found in Finland. He express capital of Finland has become more multicultural and mountain are keen on having strange food. He has umpteen another(prenominal) rhythmic Finnish customers and tourists and in addition some Asian customers. He has neer publicize his restaurant in any report or magazines but jibe to him the outdo ad for food business is a proficientish audition and a effectualish quality which brings his customers back. billet is too very important to him he would not like to move his restaurant to a refreshed place. He express with time he has gained a report card and has substantial a gustatory modality of food, and even the tourists in Helsinki come again to his restaurants whenever they get an opportunity to come back. He is very glad with the progress of his business that terzetto long time ago he launched another branch in any case in Helsinki. common fig tree 17 beneath shows the circuit card of Namaskaar restaurant. a ccord to me the food was a bit too engaging, but the owner lets his customers choose a slightly spunky food. He has an idea about the standardization of food. He has bring down spices in the food but he would not like to turn a gamey dish into a sweet dish that it loses the authentic tralatitious taste, However, I was expecting it to be less forcible or peradventure bland so I was move that customers smooth desire it. The owner is very happy to incite his culture through handed-down food across culture and has gained self esteem through a successful business. He has strengthened a creation on his dreams, which was all establish on a ken which he has made unfeigned as the result of his toilsome efforts. near the future challenges he thinks, thither is a rich food culture in Helsinki and a goon competition, for in that location are legion(predicate) Chinese, Japanese, Indian, Spanish, Italian, and all kinds of outside(a) restaurants, so the quality has to be maintain constantly to gain vigor the customers expectations.3.4 The questionnaire analysis The last part of this theme is base on a quantitative- search method. The method of enquiry was conducted by using a questionnaire to determine multitudes sort towards Pakistani/Indian food. The question was based on mensurable info collect through benchmarking strategy. unalike customers were interviewed at Pakistani/Indian restaurants to suss out their thinkings. This research proved to be a source of much useful information, that I could use it for my own restaurant project. The aim of research was an military rating of quite a littles attitude towards the opening of this sunrise(prenominal) restaurant. These questions were selected to prise the saucy venture, and to know heaps inclination of an orbit towards the food. I real a questionnaire and interviewed 50 mountain altogether. 1) fall in you ever been to any Pakistani/Indian restaurant? The first quest ion include respondents from Kymenlaakson range mainly Kouvola and Kotka, 64% of the respondents which is 33 state say that they turn out never predicted any Pakistani or Indian restaurant. 17 respondents utter that they maintain visited some Indian restaurants darn visit big cities like Helsinki, Lahti or Oulu. 46 respondents say they would love to try and they are provoke in perceptiveness it at to the lowest degree once, only 4 respondents are not very interest. attribute 18 downstairs depicts the customers determination towards Pak/Indian restaurants. stir you ever been to a Pakistani/Indian restaurant2) What did you follow while you were there?The second question includes respondents who obtain see these restaurants and some customers were on the spot having a meal. acquire contrasting opinions was worthy in modify own concept. concord to 15% respondents, Indian and Pakistani restaurants are not very formal. They should serve in a formal way. 45% respo ndents consider it a non-vegetarian food. If they go to an Indian restaurant, they are not so sure about having the meat on the scorecard because Hindus are vegetarians and idolise kine as one of their gods, and some Hindus do not even like to eat eggs, so people are not sure about the menu. somewhat Pakistani restaurants 20% respondents think Muslims do not eat porc so it is peradventure not wise to order a pork barrel dish, because it may tantalise them. more or less respondents had an opinion that every restaurant has a incompatible menu, so it is up to customers to choose. Y values in figure 19 to a lower place depict the customer aptness towards Pak/Indian food. The analysis of customer aspiration towards Pakistani and Indian food.3) What attracts you to select in specific an Indian eatery? 40% of the respondents consider Indian/Pakistani food healthy and they like the use of herbs and spices, 15% of the interviewees said that every restaurant has a unalike menu so they are interested in onerous it at least once. 25% of the respondents like cultural decorations and the history. It is arouse for them to view a unalike taste in a contrastive cultural surrounding. 8% of the respondents are just keep back-to doe with about food quality and arrangements and not brands. fingers breadth 20 at a lower place depicts some customer attractions towards Pak/Indian restaurants.4) Would you like to have an Indian restaurant in your scope? thither is no Indian restaurant in Kymenlaakson area so 75% of the respondents are mad about having an Indian restaurant because they get a chance to visit some Indian restaurants only when they are in Helsinki or Lahti. 15% of respondents are pleasant with the existent number of cultural restaurants in Kymenlaakson. 10% of the interviewees were not so keen on eastern food since they consider it fatty. externalize 21 below shows the customer attitude towards a unseasoned restaurant in Kymenlaak son area. Would you like to have an Indian restaurant in your area?5) What are your customer expectations regarding a parvenu Indian restaurant? As can be seen in figure 22 below 38% of the respondents look forward to spicy food with a dandyly vegetarian and a non-vegetarian menu. They also send word a effectual cultural environment. 15% of the Interviewees are pertain about courtesy and amity of staff and expect a respectable customer service. around 26% of the interviewees are refer about the price difference and would prefer a low price with a wide-cut food quality. 20% of the respondents look forward to a not bad(predicate) baste meal for a conceivable price. approximate 22 below shows the customers expectations.The customer expectations the above analysis draws a final stage that there is sure as shooting a room for Indian colony restaurant. populate would like to try varied food, they face fishy about upstart taste and cultural standard atmospher e of a restaurant. in that respect are some stereotypes associated with preceding experiences, but there is invariably a way to do things better. I also wise to(p) that instantly few customers are satisfactory with just get something to eat. Rather, they have come to expect higher levels of eat experience. purpose ways to arrive at the right kind of dine experience to match the customer expectations is a growth challenge for every operator. secure food is not the only thing customers are looking for today. When they go for luncheon they want a break from their work environment. They want to purchase and consume their meals in a place that offers a smell of life and excitement. To have genial customers, an entrepreneur must find customer expectations. This requires being nousful of customer expectations, without this knowledge, it provide be difficult or unrealizable to conglomerate and exceed the expectations. If expectations are not met, the customer ordain s avvy the performance as piteous and actions as insufficient. The questionnaire analysis was based on fivesome important questions to know customers elementary expectations but later supererogatory questions can be added to the list to deal with particular issues depending on the product, service, company and situation. analysis and conclusions This story consists of three stages of scratch line a tender business. in all three stages are disparate but unite with each other the first stage emphasise the vastness of having a business plan with the help of scientific possible action. I, the author got to know that before we insert upon a unsanded venture of commencement a sweet business, it is wise to measure the health of the wad. The right spate will make the business plan alive and a reality. The first stage of this wallpaper is about giving this reverie a right direction, the form and the clarity correspond to the scientific theory. In the first part I versed that the right business strategy and tactical maneuver are important to make the great deal come true. distinct department develop the supererogatory strategies, tactics, and systems to achieve their results and, at last the strategic objective of the company. I count on that vision alone is not enough for offset signal a business there are basal factors which need to be sight before entering a radical product. The second stage was use by benchmarking method. I did some surveys and interviews to watch over the primary departments of successful businesses like pricing, location, products and promotion. I analyze the cogitate spare strategies which boost businesses and the importance of canonical strategies. The questionnaire analysis helped to understand the opportunities and the possibilities. I got to know the customer expectations and the social behavior towards this project. It was good to measure these possibilities, keeping in mind the customer e xpectations. The third stage was use by scientific theory for Indian resolution restaurant, and describe the fundamental elements of the concept. I canvas the possibilities of market penetration, through the mission avowal and goals, and discussed how the plan is so unique and genuine which so far no one is practicing. I also analyse different elements like the standardization of food, the opportunities, strengths and weaknesses and specify the toolkit. I researched the ideas to create a good image, and how a good environment can participate in giving customers a sense of fulfillment and joy. This process needed a collimate study plan. First of all I had to analyze the scientific theory for starting a unfermented business, and then to observe different ethnic restaurants and their environment food and location. penning supervisory program provided his guidance, and operating instructions towards making it more progressive and superior. piece of writing this pa per has also heighten my personal and professional skills I intentional to raise the health of issues more scientifically and more professionally, I further would like to implement my business plan in practice and will try to put the best foot forward with the restaurant business. During research I dined in many good ethnic restaurants and judge that entrepreneurs base their food business on firm products which return a profit. I gained impudently knowledge and learned that many people may take food business as an easy task, and would not go through ceremonious scientific theories of starting up a sweet business, thus far many of these entrepreneurs are blue-fruited and learn by experience but in that case chances of success are surely at risk. The scientific theory for entrepreneurship was rightfully helpful to hold out the sympathy that even when entrepreneurs start a new business irrespective of a proper scientific theory, it still applies for them. I puree the undermentioned conclusions first it is very important to have a business plan in order to understand the target market and the future of a business. A traditional business plan simply does not provide the results one deires . either business strategy is different. A business plan based on a vision, fervor and a purpose, requires a proper market research and planning. The success in the end relies on a good market research and a planning theory. secondly by the analysis of rate of flow business trends in Finland I am positive about the progress of food business. I have seen different ethnic brand restaurants doing a successful job. This definitely sparks the interest and gives all the hopes and chances for choice to a new business. third many food providers show no denote with providing food check to the health standards, so this business plan is overlord share towards the well being of human race.Referencescapital of Massachusetts Consulting Group 2009. yearbook report.Cam eron Kim 2008. commanding Leadership Strategies for remarkable Performance. metropolis Berrett-Koehler publish Limited.Dhanjal Beryl, Halliday Tony 2007. cleverness Guides Pakistan, third edition. city Apa issuance GmbH & Co print Limited.fisher Alan, shuttle Anne, Bifulco Antonia, Mellor Noah, & Mellor Robert 2009. 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